湖北省宜昌市2019-2020年20岁及以下人群水痘-带状疱疹病毒基因特征分析

Genetic characterization of varicella-zoster virus in people aged 20 years and under in Yichang City of Hubei Province,2019-2020

目的分析2019-2020年湖北省宜昌市≤20岁人群水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)基因特征。方法依托宜昌市健康管理大数据平台,对2019年3月至2020年9月在湖北省宜昌市3家医院就诊并被临床诊断为带状疱疹的≤20岁病例开展调查。采集病例疱疹液、咽拭子标本并完成问卷调查以获得基本信息。采用实时荧光定量PCR方法进行病毒阳性鉴定,采用PCR方法扩增VZV开放阅读框(ORF)并对产物进行测序,分析单核苷酸多态性位点的突变情况,确定VZV基因型别。结果46例带状疱疹患者中,男女性别比为1.3∶1(26∶20),年龄范围7~20岁。15例患者有水痘疫苗接种史,其中接种1和2剂次分别有13和2例。VZV阳性率为73.91%(34/46),基因型均为Clade 2遗传支。且ORF22基因核苷酸序列系统进化树分析显示,34株标本与Clade 2代表株核苷酸序列匹配度为99.0%~100.0%。结论2019-2020年宜昌市≤20岁人群带状疱疹的VZV主要流行株型别为Clade 2遗传支。

Objective To analyze the genetic characteristics of varicella-zoster virus(VZV)in people aged 20 years and under in Yichang City of Hubei Province from 2019 to 2020.Methods Based on the Yichang Health Big Data Platform,we investigated cases 20 and under clinically diagnosed as herpes zoster in three hospitals from March 2019 to September 2020.Collecting vesicle fluid and throat swab samples of the cases and completing questionnaires to obtain basic information.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used for positive identification of the virus.PCR amplification of VZV's open reading frame(ORF)and sequencing of the products to determine the VZV genotype.Analyze mutations at some specific single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)sites.Results Among 46 cases of herpes zoster,the male to female ratio was 1.3∶1(26∶20)and the age ranged from 7 to 20 years old.Fifteen cases had been vaccinated against varicella,including 13 and 2 cases of 1 and 2 doses,respectively.VZV strains were detected in 34 samples(73.91%),all belonging to Clade 2.Phylogenetic tree analysis of the nucleotide of ORF22 showed,compared with Clade 2 referenced strains,the sequence matching degree of nucleotide for all 34 samples was 99.0%to 100.0%.Conclusion The main VZV strain causing herpes zoster in people aged 20 years and under in Yichang from 2019 to 2020 was Clade 2.