青藏高原东北部不同地理单元全新世湖泊演化与模拟

Water balance of Holocene Lakes in different geographical units from the Northeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

选择青藏高原东北部地区3个典型湖泊:猪野泽(干旱区)、青海湖(高原区)、小柴达木湖(柴达木盆地)为研究对象,基于流域能量与水量平衡模型,利用古岸堤高程和年代学证据重建古湖泊面积、古降水量与古径流量,运用虚拟湖泊能量与水量平衡模型连续模拟全新世湖泊演化过程,结合古气候代用指标分析湖泊演化与气候变化的驱动机制.结果表明,3个典型湖泊重建结果与模拟结果较为一致;猪野泽中全新世湖泊水位变化主要受降水因素影响,晚全新世湖泊水位变化主要受控于蒸发因素;青海湖全新世湖泊水位变化主要受季风降水影响;小柴达木湖全新世湖泊水位变化幅度小,中全新世湖泊水位变化主要受西风影响,晚全新世湖泊水位主要受控于蒸发因素.

Three typical lakes in the northeast region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,i.e.Zhuyeze(arid area),Qinghai Lake(plateau area)and Xiao Qaidam Lake(Qaidam Basin)were selected as the research objects.Based on the basin energy and water balance model,the ancient lake area,ancient precipitation and ancient runoff were reconstructed by using the ancient bank elevation and chronological evidence.An energy and water balance model for virtual lakes was used to simulate the evolution process of a Holocene lake,and the driving mechanism of lake evolution and climate change was analyzed combined with the paleoclimate proxy index.The results showed that the reconstruction results of three typical lakes were consistent with the simulation results.The changes in water level in Zhuyeze in the Middle Holocene were mainly affected by precipitation,while those in late Holocene was mainly controlled by evaporation.The Holocene lake water level of Qinghai Lake was mainly affected by monsoon precipitation;that of Xiao Qaidam Lake had a small change range.The water level changes in Xiao Qaidam Lake in the Middle Holocene were mainly affected by the westerly wind,and that in the late Holocene mainly controlled by the evaporation factor.