2021年冬季江苏省常熟市成年人患者呼吸道鼻病毒感染分析

Respiratory rhinovirus infection in adult patients in Changshu,Jiangsu in winter of 2021

目的了解2021年冬季江苏省常熟市成年人呼吸道感染者的病毒流行情况和鼻病毒的感染种类及型别。方法采集江苏省常熟市门诊与呼吸道感染住院成年人患者的咽拭子样本,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法开展15种常见呼吸道病毒检测;扩增鼻病毒VP4-VP2基因测序,以MEGA 7.0软件对获取序列进行系统发育分析与同源性分析。结果共收集咽拭子样本333份,检出病毒阳性样本120份,阳性检出率为36.04%,其中人鼻病毒(human rhinovirus,HRV)检出样本数占阳性样本的28.33%(34/120),检出率最高,其次是腺病毒22.50%(27/120)和乙型流感病毒15.83%(19/120)。以单一病毒感染为主,占83.33%(100/120);混合感染以2种病毒为主80%(16/20),3种病毒共感染仅有4份。34份鼻病毒感染样本中成功扩增出32条条带,比对分析发现涉及20种血清型,分属于HRV-A(19株)、HRV-B(9株)和HRV-C(4株)3种。结论HRV是2021年冬季江苏省常熟市成年人呼吸道感染的主要病原体之一,存在HRV-A、HRV-B、HRV-C 3种型别共同流行特点,以HRV-A型为其主要流行株型。

Objective To understand the infection status of human rhinovirus(HRV)in adult patients with respiratory tract infection in Changshu,Jiangsu province in the winter of 2021.Methods The pharyngeal swab samples from outpatients and inpatients with respiratory tract infection were collected in hospitals in Changshu.15 common respiratory virus were detected by real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR).VP4-VP2 genes of rhinovirus were amplified and sequenced.The phylogeny of the obtained sequences were analyzed through MEGA 7.0 software.Results 120 positive samples of virus infection were detected in 333 pharyngeal swab samples,with a positive detection rate of(36.04%,120/133).HRV accounted for 28.33%of the positive samples(34/120),followed by adenovirus(22.50%,27/120)and influenza B virus(15.83%,19/120).Among the positive samples,single virus was mainly detected,accounting for 83.33%(100/120)and multi-virus positive samples accounted for 16.7%,in which two kinds of viruses was detected in 80%of samples(16/20)and three kinds of viruses were only detected in 4 samples.A total of 32 VP4-VP2 genes were amplified from 34 HRV positive samples.There were 19 strains of HRV-A,9 strains of HRV-B and 4 strains of HRV-C,involving 20 serotypes.Conclusion HRV is one of the main viruses causing respiratory tract infection in adults in Changshu in winter of 2021.HRV-A was the main serotype.