静电纺PLA/PCL复合纳米纤维膜的制备及性能研究

Preparation and properties of electrospun PLA/PCL composite nanofiber membranes

为了减轻溢油事件给生态环境和人们生产生活带来的影响,以天然可降解聚乳酸(PLA)和聚己内酯(PCL)为材料,采用静电纺制备不同共混比的PLA/PCL复合纳米纤维膜用于疏水吸油。利用扫描电子显微镜观察纤维表面形貌,并测试不同共混比PLA/PCL纤维膜的直径、拉伸性能、水接触角、吸油倍率和保油率。研究结果表明,随着PCL添加量的增加,纤维直径减小,断裂强度减小,而纳米纤维膜的断裂伸长率则从原来的72.53%增加到了118.45%,具有良好的韧性;共混后的PLA/PCL纳米纤维膜的水接触角最高可达140.56°,相比纯PLA纳米纤维膜水接触角增加了2.66°,对机油、花生油和菜籽油的最大吸油倍率分别为47.10g/g、41.13g/g和37.93g/g,对机油的保油率最高可达76.16%,具有良好的疏水亲油性能。

In order to reduce the impact of oil spills on the ecological environment and people's production and life,PLA/PCL composite nanofiber membranes with different blending ratios were prepared for hydrophobic oil absorption by electrospinning with natural degradable polylactic acid(PLA)and polycaprolactone(PCL)as materials.The fiber surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope.The diameter,tensile properties,water contact angle,oil absorption,and oil retention of PLA/PCL fiber membranes with different blending ratios were tested.The results showed that with the increase of PCL content,the fiber diameter and the breaking strength decreased,while the elongation at break of nanofiber membrane increased from 72.53%to 118.45%,indicating that it had good toughness.The water contact angle of the blended PLA/PCL nanofiber membrane was up to 140.56°,which was 2.66°higher than that of pure PLA nanofiber membrane.The maximum oil absorption rates for engine oil,peanut oil,and rapeseed oil were 47.10g/g,41.13g/g and 37.93g/g,respectively,and the oil retention rate for engine oil was up to 76.16%,which had good hydrophobic and lipophilic properties.