多孔电磁波吸收材料

Porous Electromagnetic Wave Absorbing Materials

近年来,通过改善孔结构来提升材料的电磁波吸收性能成为研究热点。多孔结构既有利于电磁波进入材料的内部,又能有效地调整材料的电磁参数,提高材料与电磁波间的阻抗匹配,进而增大材料对电磁波的吸收;此外,在电磁波吸收材料中生成的不同尺度的孔隙可以对入射电磁波产生多重散射和反射,延长其传播路径从而增加了损耗过程;同时,多孔材料的相对密度小,为许多性能高但受限于密度太大而不能在电磁波吸收领域高效应用的材料提供了解决问题的途径。基于此,本文综述了零维和三维多孔电磁波吸收材料(PEMAM)的研究现状及亟待解决的问题,同时也展望了多孔电磁波吸收材料未来可能的研究热点及发展方向。

Recently,structure modification has been used more and more widely in enhancing the performance of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.Porous structure is not only conducive for the incidence of electromagnetic waves into the interior of the material,but also can effectively improve the impedance matching between electromagnetic wave and materials,resulting in enhanced absorption of electromagnetic waves.Additionally,multiple scattering and reflection endowed by the different scale pores in materials extend the propagation path of electromagnetic wave,and further increase its loss.Meanwhile,the lightweight nature of porous material provides a feasible way for the application of some absorbing materials with high performance but unduly density.In this paper,the research status and problem of zero-and three-dimensional porous electromagnetic wave absorbing materials(PEMAM)are summarized and the possible research hotspots and development directions of porous electromagnetic wave absorbing materials in the future are also proposed.