蘑菇-玉米秸秆缓冲材料的制备及其性能

Preparation and Performance of Mushroom-Corn Straw Buffer Material

为减缓玉米秸秆废弃物和泡沫材料对环境的污染,以平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)菌丝为“黏合剂”胶黏玉米秸秆,制备了蘑菇-玉米秸秆缓冲材料,探究其成型机理及培养时间对性能的影响。结果表明:菌丝在具有一定孔隙结构的玉米秸秆粉表面黏附生长,将松散的玉米秸秆粉“黏合”起来,生成蘑菇-玉米秸秆缓冲材料。随着培养时间的增加,复合材料的压缩强度和单位体积变形能逐渐增大,但增幅逐渐降低;回弹率先增大后减小,能量吸收效率迅速增加后趋于稳定。综合考虑材料性能和时间成本,认为蘑菇-玉米秸秆缓冲材料的最佳培养时间为20 d,此时,10%的应变压缩强度可达106.68 kPa,是EPS缓冲材料的1.9倍;最大单位体积变形能为7.40×10^(4)J/m^(3),是EPS缓冲材料的1.5倍。

In order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by corn straw waste and foam materials,using Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium as"adhesive"to glue corn straw,a mushroom-corn stalk buffer material was prepared,and its forming mechanism and the effect of culture time on its performance were investigated.The results showed that the mycelium grew on the surface of corn straw powder with a certain pore structure,and bonding the loose corn straw powder to form mushroom-corn straw buffer material.With the increase of culture time,the compression stress and deformation energy per unit volume of the composite material increased,but the increasing range gradually decreased.The rebound rate climbed up first and then declined,and the energy absorption efficiency increased rapidly first and then became stable.Considering the material performance and time cost,it is considered that the best culture time of mushroom-corn straw buffer material is 20 days.At this point,the strain compression strength of 10%can reach 106.68 kPa,1.9 times that of EPS buffer material.And the maximum deformation per unit volume can reach 7.40×10^(4)J/m^(3),1.5 times that of EPS buffer material.