将目标物质靶向至心脏的研究进展

Research Progress of Targeting the Heart with Therapeutic Agents Delivery Methods

当前心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率仍位居全球前列。随着分子生物学和细胞心脏病学知识的不断更新,基因治疗已在临床研究中有了长足的进步。然而对于如何将目的细胞或基因成功运送到心脏并发挥作用,仍需克服各种障碍,如解剖、血流机械力、内皮屏障、细胞屏障以及免疫应答等。病毒和非病毒载体,一些细胞及细胞外囊泡、生物材料、外科手术等方法已被广泛运用于各种临床前实验当中。

Currently cardiovascular disease remains the important cause of global morbidity and mortality.With evolving knowledge in molecular and cellular cardiology,cardiac gene therapy has made great progress in clinical studies.However,there are still several barriers need to be overcome to successfully transport cell genes to the heart and perform their corresponding functions,such as the anatomical challenges of access,the mechanical force of the blood flow,the endothelial barrier,the cellular barrier and the immune response.Virus and non-virus,some cells and extracellular vesicles,biomaterials,surgery and other methods are widely used in various preclinical experiments.In this review,we discuss the current understanding and challenges in heart-targeted delivery of materials,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various delivery methods.