高校应急管理的困境、趋势与完善

The Dilemma, Trend and Perfection of Emergency Management in Colleges and Universities

随着风险社会的形成,高校所承担的应急职责的内容和范围不断扩张,但相应法律规范机制的不足,导致高校在应急管理体系中存在法理地位不明和权责模糊的问题。为应对此问题,高校多使用自主管理权来支撑应急管理。近年的实践中,高校在应急管理方面形成了特定趋势,即由单向职责转向二元结构,由先期处置转向合作治理,由教育管理转向社区维系。这些趋势和经验完成了对高校行政应急权的现实支撑和理论论证。在放管服改革的背景下,应进一步完善高校应急管理体系,制定高校应急相关法律规范,采用法律赋权的路径,构建和谐的外部关系和内部关系。

With the formation of a risk society,the content and scope of emergency responsibilities under­taken by colleges and universities continue to expand,but the lack of corresponding legal normative mechanisms has led to the problems of unclear legal status and vague rights and responsibilities of colle­ges and universities in the emergency management system.In response to this problem,colleges and uni­versities usually use autonomous management rights to support emergency management.In the practice of recent years,colleges and universities have formed a specific trend in emergency management,that is,shifting from one-way responsibility to a dual structure,from temporary disposal to cooperative gov­ernance,and from education management to community maintenance.These trends and experiences have provided the realistic support and theoretical justification for the administrative emergency power of colleges and universities.In the context of the reform featuring decentralization,management and serv­ice,it is necessary to further improve the emergency management system of colleges and universities,formulate relevant legal norms for colleges and universities,adopt the path of legal empowerment,and build a harmonious external and internal relationship.