剑麻花生套作栽培技术研究

Study on Cultivation Technique of Sisal—Peanut Intercropping

为了明确不同花生品种与剑麻的间作效应,研究以仲恺花1号花生、仲恺花2号花生、仲恺花12号花生、仲恺花99号花生和东一号剑麻为试验材料,在广州市增城区剑麻园进行田间间作试验,测定剑麻、花生间作的土壤pH值、含水量和电导率,新生剑麻叶长和宽、纤维质量、纤维长度和直径,花生根长、主茎长、侧枝长和荚果重等指标。结果表明:剑麻园间作花生提高土壤电导率,降低土壤含水量,对土壤pH值影响不显著;剑麻、花生间作能有效促进剑麻生长,提高新生剑麻叶片纤维率,提高剑麻产量和品质;剑麻、花生间作还能在保证剑麻园丰产稳产的情况下使花生增收,从而提高麻园的经济效益。其中与仲恺花99号花生间作的剑麻生长和产量效果较理想;花生品种仲恺花1号和仲恺花2号产量较为理想。

In this study,Zhongkaihua No.1 peanut,Zhongkaihua No.2 peanut,Zhongkaihua No.12 peanut,Zhongkaihua No.99 peanut and sisal H.11648 were used as the experimental material in order to clarify the intercropping effect of different peanut varieties and sisal.The field intercropping experiment was conducted in the sisal orchard of Zengcheng district,Guangzhou.The pH value,water content and electrical conductivity of the intercropped soil,the leaf length,leaf width,fiber quality,fiber length and fiber diameter of the new sisal,the root length,main stem length,side branch length and pod weight of the peanut were measured.The results showed that intercropping peanuts in sisal orchards increased soil conductivity and decreased soil water content,but had no significant effect on soil pH.The intercropping of sisal and peanut could effectively promote the growth of sisal,increase the fiber rate of newborn sisal leaves,and improve the yield and quality of sisal.The intercropping of sisal and peanuts could also enhance yield of peanuts while ensuring high and stable yields in the sisal garden,thereby improving the economic benefits of the sisal garden.The growth and yield effect of sisal intercropped with peanut Zhongkaihua No.99 was ideal;the yield of peanut varieties Zhongkaihua No.1 and Zhongkaihua No.2 were ideal.