《资本论》中的劳动解放思想:一个自然生态的分析框架

Emancipation of labor in Capital:An analytical framework for natural ecology

马克思在《资本论》中对“劳动”“劳动过程”进行了科学分析和系统阐述,对资本主义生产方式下的“异化劳动”“雇佣劳动”进行了全方位批判,对实现劳动解放给予了多维解答。其中,自然生态是马克思解答劳动解放的重要维度。作为人与自然之间物质变换过程的劳动,生态自然既是这个过程的前置条件,又是消解“异化劳动”实现劳动解放的先决条件。劳动解放与自然解放具有内在的辩证统一性,研究自然生态维度下的劳动解放,揭示资本主义生产方式的反生态性,对当今走出生态伦理困境具有重要的价值。

Marx scienifcally analyzed and systematically expounded"labor"and"labor process"in Capital,made an all-round critique of"alienated labor"and"wage labor"under the capitalist mode of production,and gave multi-dimensional solutions to the realization of labor emancipation.Among them,natural ecology is an important dimension of Marx's solution to labor emancipa-tion.As labor in the process of material transformation between man and nature,ecological nature is not only a precondition for this process,but also a prerequisite for eliminating"alienated labor"and achieving labor emancipation.Labor liberation and natural liber-ation have an inherent dialectical unity,and studying labor liberation in the natural ecological dimension and revealing the anti-ecol-ogy of the capitalist mode of production is of great value for getting out of the ecological ethical dilemma today.