基于层次分析法的上海市古银杏健康评价指标体系研究

Research on Health Evaluation Index System of Ancient Ginkgo biloba in Shanghai Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

古树是自然界和前人留下的珍贵遗产,保护古树名木是生态文明建设的重要内容,开展古树健康检测是加强古树保护的重要工作。为建立客观、科学具有针对性的古树健康评价体系,文章以上海市49株银杏Ginkgo biloba古树为研究对象,采用层次分析法(AHP)构建适合评价古银杏健康的评价模型。以PSR模型(压力-状态-响应)为评价指标准则层,选取了病虫害、寄生植物、树势、新发枝条长度、养护现状、养护周期等共21个指标,经过古树养护技术人员对各指标的两两比较打分,计算权重。结果表明,在准则层中状态指标的权重最高,在指标层中权重值前三的有树势(0.151 0)、树冠缺损率(0.113 3)、新发枝条长度(0.100 9),表明古银杏生长中植株自身的生长状态对古银杏健康产生主要影响。

Ancient trees are a precious heritage left by nature and previous generations,and the protection of ancient trees is an important part of the construction of ecological civilization,and carrying out ancient tree health tests is an important task to strengthen the protection of ancient trees.To establish an objective,scientific,and targeted evaluation system for the health of ancient trees,the article takes 49 ancient Ginkgo biloba trees in Shanghai as the research object and uses the hierarchical analysis method(AHP)to construct an evaluation model suitable for evaluating the health of ancient G.biloba trees.The PSR model(pressure-state-response)was used as the criterion layer for the evaluation indexes,and a total of 21 indicators were selected,including pests and diseases,parasitic plants,tree potential,new branch length,maintenance status,and maintenance cycle,etc.The weighting was calculated by comparing the scores of each indicator between the ancient tree maintenance technicians.The results show that the condition indicators have the highest weight in the criterion layer,and the top three weight values in the indicator layer are tree potential(0.151),crown defect rate(0.1133),and length of new hair branches(0.1009),indicating that the growth state of the plant itself has the main influence on the health of ancient G.biloba trees.