葡萄酒产业与黄河流域煤炭基地生态治理现状与思考

Wine Industry and Ecological Governance of Coal Base in Yellow River Basin

黄河中上游地区能源丰富,土地广袤,常年煤炭开采加上特殊的自然环境,造成该区域土地侵蚀严重,土壤有机质含量低,自然植被覆盖率极低,迫切需要找到一条生态治理与经济并行的高质量协同发展之路。葡萄作为多年生藤本植物,种类多样,具有极强的环境耐受性和可塑性,不仅具有极高的经济价值,而且能衍生巨大的生态价值。本文对我国黄河流域煤炭基地生态治理的发展与现状进行了综述,通过阐明种植葡萄对改善矿区周边环境、促进水土保持、提升固碳释氧的重要作用,分析了发展葡萄酒产业对治理黄河流域煤炭基地生态脆弱区的可行性,并提出煤炭基地种植酿酒葡萄存在的问题与可行性措施。将葡萄酒产业与煤炭开发后生态治理有机结合起来,不仅可以增加矿区植被覆盖度、改善土壤质量、控制水土流失、修复受损生态、促进区域碳减排等众多需求,同时能带来巨大的经济收入,是一种兼顾生态治理与经济发展的重要手段。

The middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River are rich in energy and vast land,due to the perennial coal mining and special natural environment have resulted in serious land erosion,low soil organic matter content and extremely low coverage rate of natural vegetation in this region.Therefore,it is urgent to find a high-quality collaborative development road that combines ecological governance and economy.Vine as a perennial liana,a variety of species,has a strong environmental tolerance and plasticity,not only has a high economic value,but also can derive huge ecological value.Authors summarized the development and current situation of ecological governance in the coal base of the Yellow River Basin,through elucidation of the important role of grape planting in improving the surrounding environment of the mining area,promoting soil and water conservation,and enhancing carbon fixation and oxygen release,analyzed the feasibility of developing the wine industry in controlling ecologically fragile area of coal base in the Yellow River Basin,and put forward existing problems and suggestions of planting wine grape in the coal base.Combining the development of wine industry with ecological management after coal exploitation could not only increase vegetation coverage of the mining area,improve soil quality,control soil erosion,repair damaged ecology,promote regional carbon emission reduction,and also bring huge economic income.It was an important means of giving consideration to ecological management and economic development.