营养支持结合呼吸功能锻炼在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者护理中的应用分析

Application effect of nutritional support combined with respiratory function exercise in nursing care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的探讨营养支持结合呼吸功能锻炼在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者中的应用效果。方法选择遂川县人民医院2018年8月—2020年8月收治的80例COPD患者,按随机数字表法分为2组。对照组(40例)实施常规护理,观察组(40例)在此基础上实施营养支持结合呼吸功能锻炼,2组均持续护理2个月。对比2组营养状况、呼吸功能、免疫功能及生活质量。结果观察组护理后血清前白蛋白(PA)、白蛋白(ALB)、血红蛋白(HB)水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理后血氧分压(PaO_(2))、用力肺活量(FVC)及第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))水平均高于对照组,动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理后CD_(4)^(+)、CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)水平均高于对照组,CD_(8)^(+)水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理后COPD评估测试(CAT)评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论营养支持结合呼吸功能锻炼在COPD患者中具有较好效果,利于改善营养状况、呼吸功能与免疫功能,提高生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of nutritional support combined with respiratory function exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods The COPD patients admitted to our hospital from August 2018 to August 2020 were selected as the research objects,and 80 patients were divided into two groups according to the random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing care,and the observation group was given nutritional support combined with respiratory function exercise on this basis.Both groups continued nursing for 2 months.The nutritional status,respiratory function,immune function and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results The levels of serum prealbumin(PA),albumin(ALB)and hemoglobin(HB)in the observation group after nursing were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),forced vital capacity(FVC)and forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV_(1))were higher than those in the control group,and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2))in arterial blood was lower than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After nursing,the levels of CD_(4)^(+)and CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)in the group were higher than those in the control group,and the level of CD_(8)^(+)was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of physical,social function and material life were all higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Nutritional support combined with respiratory function exercise has a good effect in COPD patients,which is beneficial to improve nutritional status,respiratory function and immune function,and improve the quality of life.