不同番茄品种番茄黄化曲叶病毒抗性基因分析及田间抗性评价

Analysis of tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistance genes in different tomato varieties and field resistance evaluation

为了明确抗性基因对番茄黄化曲叶病毒的抗性水平及田间应用效果,本研究利用已报道的番茄黄化曲叶病毒抗性基因Ty-1、Ty-2、Ty-3及Ty-3a的分子标记对43个番茄品种(含供试品种37个,对照品种6个)进行抗性基因型分析,并采用田间自然鉴定方法验证不同抗性基因型的抗性水平。结果表明:43份参试番茄品种中,31个品种携带抗病基因,占全部参试品种的72.09%,其中Ty-1检出率为65.12%,在番茄抗病毒病育种中应用最为广泛;共检出10种抗性基因型,分别包括1~3种抗性基因,对番茄黄化曲叶病毒的抗性由高到低依次为:Ty-1/ty-1+Ty-2/ty-2+Ty-3a/ty-3a、Ty-1/Ty-1+Ty-2/ty-2+Ty-3a/ty-3a、Ty-1/Ty-1、Ty-1/ty-1+Ty-3/ty-3、Ty-1/ty-1+Ty-3a/ty-3a、Ty-1/Ty-1+Ty-3a/ty-3a、Ty-3a/ty-3a、Ty-1/ty-1+Ty-2/ty-2、Ty-1/ty-1、Ty-2/ty-2,其中含有单基因杂合抗性的番茄品种,抗性表现为中抗或感病;含有2个及2个以上抗性基因的品种表现为中抗或以上水平抗性;方差分析显示,携带3个抗性基因位点表现出的聚合抗性显著高于Ty-1、Ty-2单基因杂合抗性,说明抗性基因具有累加效应;抗性分析结果显示:37个供试番茄品种中,筛选出6个高抗品种、9个抗病品种、9个中抗品种、13个感病品种,鉴定圃中TYLCV发病率为58.03%,ToCV发病率为4.67%,ToCV与TYLCV复合侵染后可显著降低品种抗性,暗示TYLCV及ToCV复合侵染对抗性基因有潜在不利影响。本研究结果为抗病基因的应用提供了理论依据。

In order to analyze the resistant genotypes and field application of different cultivars,tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV)resistance genes Ty-1,Ty-2,Ty-3 and Ty-3a were tested from 43 tomato cultivars through molecular marker technology.At the same time,field natural identification methods were used to verify the resistance level of different genotypes.Results based on the molecular detection showed that 31 tested cultivars contained Ty genes,which accounted for 72.09%of the total varieties;During detection of the resistant genes,Ty-1 has the highest detection rate of 65.12%,which showed that Ty-1 was the most widely used gene for tomato virus disease resistance breeding.10 resistance genotypes were detected in all tested cultivars which contain 1-3 resistance genes respectively.The resistance performance from high to low was:Ty-1/ty-1+Ty-2/ty-2+Ty-3a/ty-3、Ty-1/Ty-1+Ty-2/ty-2+Ty-3a/ty-3a、Ty-1/Ty-1、Ty-1/ty-1+Ty-3/ty-3、Ty-1/ty-1+Ty-3a/ty-3a、Ty-1/Ty-1+Ty-3a/ty-3a、Ty-3a/ty-3a、Ty-1/ty-1+Ty-2/ty-2、Ty-1/ty-1 and Ty-2/ty-2,respectively.Resistance of the materials showed medium resistance or susceptibility when it carried one resistant gene,whereas materials carrying two or more resistant genes had more stable resistant levels.The analysis of variance showed that the mate-rials which carried 3 resistance genes had significantly higher resistance than that of Ty-1 or Ty-2 heterozygous disease resistance,but there were no significant differences between the loci with 2 resistance genes and single gene locus.The results of identification showed that there were 6 varieties with high resistance,9 varieties showed resistance,9 varieties showed medium resistance and 13 varieties showed susceptibility to TYLCV.The incidence of TYLCV in the identification nurseries was 58.03%,and tomato chlorosis virus(ToCV)was 4.67%.The resistance was significantly reduced after the co-infection with TYLCV and ToCV.The phenomenon implied that complex infection of TYLCV and ToCV may have potential adverse effects on the resistance genes.The above research results provide a theoretical basis for the application of disease resistance genes.