烯烃聚合非茂金属催化剂的研究进展

Research progress of non-metallocene catalysts for olefin polymerization

综述了近年来用于烯烃聚合的非茂金属催化剂的研究进展,分别介绍了非茂前过渡金属类催化剂和非茂后过渡金属类催化剂在烯烃聚合中的应用及催化性能。非茂前过渡金属催化剂具有催化活性高、聚合物结构可控和分散性好的特点,二十世纪九十年代之后已得到了快速的发展。后过渡金属催化剂(特别是Ni和Pd)由于具有独特的性能和较弱的亲氧性,能够合成高支化、具有拓扑结构的聚乙烯并且能催化烯烃与极性单体共聚。简述了α-二亚胺镍和钯催化剂在高支化聚乙烯和催化烯烃与极性单体直接共聚方面的应用,最后对非茂金属催化剂的未来发展进行了展望。

The recent progress of non-metallocene catalysts for olefin polymerization is reviewed,and the application and catalytic performance of non-pre-transition metal catalysts and non-post-transition metal catalysts in olefin polymerization is introduced.Non metallocene transition metal catalysts have been developed rapidly since 1990s due to their high catalytic activity,controllable polymer structure and good dispersion.Due to their unique properties and weak oxophilicity,late transition metal catalysts(especially Ni and Pd)can synthesize highly branched,topologically structured polyethylene and catalyze the copolymerization of olefins with polar monomers.The application ofα-diimide nickel and palladium catalysts in hyperbranched polyethylene and catalytic direct copolymerization of olefins with polar monomers is briefly described.Finally,the future development of non metallocene catalysts is prospected.