聚氨酯阻尼材料的改性与结构设计研究进展

Research progress in modification and structure design ofpolyurethane damping materials

概述了聚氨酯的阻尼机理和改性与结构设计,改性与结构设计从微观改性与宏观结构设计两部分进行了阐述。其中微观改性介绍了五种传统的改性手段(软硬段结构设计、物理共混、化学共聚、互穿聚合物改性和构造悬挂链结构)的最新研究以及近几年来的新型改性手段(超分子结构和压电阻尼结构);宏观结构设计简要介绍了经典阻尼结构,并着重对近几年研究的梯度/渐变结构进行了论述。最后对聚氨酯阻尼材料的未来发展进行了展望。

The damping mechanism,modification and structure design of polyurethane were summarized.The modification and structure design were described from two parts:micro modification and macro structure design.In the micro modification part,the latest research of five traditional modification methods(structural design of soft and hard segments,physical blending,chemical copolymerization,interpenetrating polymer modification and construction of suspension chain structure)and new modification methods(supramolecular structure and piezoresistive structure)in recent years were described.In the macro structure design part,the classic damping structure was briefly introduced,and the gradient/gradual structure studied in recent years was emphasized.Finally,the future development of polyurethane damping materials was prospected.