配合与契合:“资本差”下的家校互动样态

Coordination and Consistency:Family-school Interaction Pattern Under the Condition of“Capital Gap”

家校互动是围绕孩子成长所形成的家庭和学校之间的双向交流活动,对孩子的社会化进程具有重要的意义和作用。基于符号互动理论,以田野观察法为技术,对研究对象进行长期观察与深度访谈,通过分析其家庭资本数量、类型及其所形成的家校互动样态,发现较低文化资本家庭与学校的互动呈现配合的样态,较高文化资本家庭与学校互动呈现契合的样态。两种互动方式彰显着不同家庭的教育理念与教育实践,并最终在孩子的社会化进程中再制这种理念与实践,究其根源就在于不同家庭的“资本差”。

Family-school interaction is a two-way communication activity between family and school formed around children s growth as the core,which has great significance and role in the socialization process of children.Taking the symbolic interaction theory as the framework and the field observation as the research method,long-term observations and in-depth interviews were conducted on the research subjects.By analyzing the quantity and type of family capital and the pattern of family-school interaction,the study found that the interaction between the families with low-cultural capital and the schools displayed a coordinated pattern;the interaction between families with high-cultural capital and the school displayed a consistent pattern.The two patterns of interaction highlight the educational concepts and practices of different families,and ultimately reproduce the concepts and practices in the process of children s socialization,the root cause of which lies in the“capital gap”of different families.