云南茶树种质资源研究60年

Tea Germplasm Resources Research in Yunnan for 60 Years

茶树[Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze]种质资源是保障茶产业高质量发展的战略性资源,是茶科技原始创新、品种选育和特色新产品研发的物质基础。茶树种质资源研究对推动茶树种业创新和茶产业绿色健康发展具有十分重要的价值和意义。云南地处中国西南部,悠久的种茶历史与低纬高原独特的气候和地理条件孕育了丰富的茶树种质资源,分布有众多的野生型、栽培型古茶树资源,是世界茶树起源中心和中国茶组植物种类最多、数量最大、分布最广的省份。经过60年的研究,在广大科技工作者的辛勤耕耘和有关部门的大力支持下,云南茶树种质资源在考察收集、保存编目、鉴定评价与创新利用等方面取得了丰硕成果,获得了一系列重大进展。本文系统阐述了60年来云南茶树种质资源研究取得的主要进展以及存在的问题,并对云南茶树种质资源未来的发展方向进行了探讨和展望,以期为茶树种质资源学科研究提供参考。

Tea[Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze]germplasms are strategic resources ensuring the high quality development of tea industry,and raw materials enabling the original innovation in tea science and technology,breeding and development of new products with special characteristics.Studies on tea germplasms are of great value and significance considering the relevance on the innovation and sustainability of tea seed industry.Yunnan lies in the Southwest China,the long history of tea growing and the unique climate and geographical conditions of low latitude plateau have bred rich tea germplasm resources,a large number of wild and cultivated ancient tea plants are extensively distributed in Yunnan province,which is the origin center of tea plant in the world and the province with the largest species,quantity and distribution of tea group plant,after 60 years of research,with the hard work of scientific and technological workers and the active support of relevant departments,Yunnan tea germplasm resources have achieved fruitful results in the investigation and collection,conservation and cataloguing,identification and evaluation,and innovative utilization,and a series of significant progress has been made.This paper systematically expouned the main progress and existing problems of Yunnan tea germplasm resources research in the past 60 years,meanwhile,the future development direction of tea germplasm resources was discussed and prospected,which provided a reference for the research on tea germplasm resources.