四川小麦品种HMW-GS组成及品质参数演变分析

Variations of HMW-GS and Quality-Related Parameters in Wheat Varieties Released in Sichuan Province

分析了1949—2018年间,四川省的184个小麦育成品种、1个引进品种和2个地方品种的高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成和品质指标的演变。结果表明,Glu-1A位点有1、N、2^(*)等3种亚基类型;Glu-1B位点有7、20、22、7+8、7+9、6+8、14+15和23+18等8种亚基类型;Glu-1D位点有5+10、2+12和3.1^(t)+11^(*t)等3种亚基类型。共检测到23种亚基组合类型“,N/7+9/5+10”组合出现频率最高,为12.30%。随着育种进程的发展,四川小麦育成品种的HMW-GS组成多样性有所增加,优质强筋亚基1和5+10的比率逐渐上升。四川小麦品种整体上属于中、弱筋类型,除容重、沉降值上升外,其余品质指标呈先上升后缓慢下降的趋势。本研究可为四川小麦品质的进一步改良提供参考。

The high molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GS)compositions and the quality parameters in 184 Sichuan wheat varieties(released from 1949 to 2018),one introduced variety and two landraces were analyzed.The results showed that there were three alleles at Glu-1A including 1,N,2^(*),eight at Glu-1B including 7,20,22,7+8,7+9,6+8,14+15 and 23+18,and three at Glu-1D including 5+10,2+12 and 3.1^(t)+11^(*t).These subunits on sub-genomes A,B,D formed 23 allele combinations,and the combination(N/7+9/5+10)was found with a frequency of 12.3%.Taking advantage of breeding effects,the allele diversity at the Glu-1 locus,as well as the ratio of high-quality strong gluten 1(Glu-1A)and 5+10(Glu-1D)were gradually increased.The medium-weak gluten wheat varieties were found with predominant proportion in Sichuan province.The increase on test weight and sedimentation value,but the increase followed by decreased on other quality traits were observed.This study can provide reference for further improvement of wheat quality in Sichuan province,China.