NK细胞:肿瘤免疫治疗的新兴主力军

Natural killer cells: emerging main force of tumor immunotheraphy

自然杀伤(NK)细胞作为人体免疫系统抵御外来病原体入侵的第一道防线,在宿主抵抗病毒感染和肿瘤的先天免疫和获得性免疫防御中发挥重要作用。近年来NK细胞以其独特优势逐渐成为肿瘤免疫治疗的新兴主力军,并在多种血液系统恶性肿瘤治疗中展现出不俗的实力。目前,针对NK细胞相关的免疫治疗手段主要包括免疫检查点抑制剂治疗、嵌合抗原受体NK治疗及双/三特异性杀伤细胞结合因子治疗等。本综述将对当前NK细胞主要的治疗手段及其在肿瘤治疗中所产生的临床效果展开叙述,以期为肿瘤患者的临床治疗提供可靠的理论依据。

As the first line of defense of human immune system against foreign pathogens,natural killer(NK)cells play an important role in the innate and acquired immune defense of host against virus infection and tumor.In recent years,with its unique advantages,NK cells have gradually become the new main force in tumor immunotherapy,and have shown great strength in treatment of a variety of hematological malignant tumors.At present,the immunotherapy methods related to NK cells mainly include immunocheckpoint inhibitor therapy,chimeric antigen receptor NK therapy and bispecific/trispecific killer engagers therapy.This review will describe the main therapeutic methods of NK cells and their clinical effects in tumor treatment,in order to provide a reliable theoretical basis for clinical treatment of tumor patients.