组织调节性T细胞的研究进展

Research progress of tissue regulatory T cells

长期以来,调节性T细胞(Tregs)被认为发挥免疫抑制作用,进而维持免疫耐受。最近的研究发现,位于组织的Tregs,即组织Tregs,具有与淋巴Tregs不同的组织特异性表型,行使调节代谢、促进组织修复、促进血管再生等非免疫功能。随着针对Tregs的治疗靶点越来越多,了解组织Tregs的表型、功能及调控的分子机制是十分重要的。本综述从组织Tregs的来源、组织特异性表型和功能、组织特异性表型的获得、调控组织Tregs的分子机制四个方面系统阐述组织Tregs研究的最新进展,为这类细胞对多种疾病的干预和治疗提供新思路。

Regulatory T cells(Tregs)have long been thought to have a role in immunosuppression and immune tolerance.Recent studies found populations of Tregs residing within nonlymphoid tissues,collectively termed"tissue Tregs".Tissue Tregs are different from their lymphoid organ counterparts in tissue-specific phenotypes and participate in an array of nonimmunologic functions,such as metabolic regulation and promotion of tissue repair and vessel growth.As Tregs receive increasing attention as therapeutic targets,it is essential to understand the phenotype and function of tissue Tregs and molecular mechanisms.In this review,we have explained the recent progress on tissue Tregs from the aspects of the source of tissue Tregs,tissue-specific phenotypes and function,the acquirement of tissue-specific phenotypes,molecular mechanisms regulating tissue Tregs,which will inform ongoing attempts to harness Tregs for precision immunotherapeutics.