基于多源数据融合的城市新增消防站选址研究

Research on New Urban Fire Station Location Based on Multi-source Data Integration

合理规划消防站的位置对城市火灾防控具有重要意义。以深圳市为例,采用“基础地理数据+互联网POI”的多源数据融合模式,借助ArcGIS的空间分析功能,利用火灾风险指数评估方法识别全市火灾风险高发区域;以消防车出警实际路径为依据识别现有消防力量覆盖薄弱区,采用最小点位方法确定实现全市消防力量“5 min覆盖”目标所需的最少新增消防站数量,并根据全市火灾风险等级和用地情况划分规划新增消防站建设时序。

Reasonable location of urban fire station is of great significance for fire prevention and rescuing.Taking Shenzhen for example,using a multi-source data integration mode of“basic geographical information data+POI”,based on the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS,we used the fire risk index assessment method to identify the areas with high fire risk in the whole city.Based on the actual route of fire engine,we identified the areas exceeding the capabilities of present fire forces,adopted the minimum point method to determine the minimum number of new fire stations needed to achieve the goal of“arrival in 5 minutes”,and planned the construction sequence of new fire stations according to the fire risk level and land-use situation of Shenzhen.