天然气水合物分解动力学研究进展

Research advances on the dissociation dynamics of natural gas hydrates

天然气水合物是具有巨大开发潜力的清洁能源,但由于开采技术、经济性和环境效应等问题尚未达到商业化开发水准。近年来人们也在探索水合物技术在二氧化碳封存、海水淡化、储能、气体分离等领域中的应用。其中最具挑战性和关键性的问题就是水合物如何随时间形成和分解。概况了水合物分解动力学基础研究,包括水合物分解特性、分解影响因素和分解机理;综述了水合物分解动力学模型研究进展,根据水合物分解控制机制,将现有模型归为4类:热分解模型、本征动力学模型、传质分解模型和综合模型,重点阐述了它们的假设条件、主要认识和局限性,并展望了未来水合物分解动力学研究的改进方向,以期能够加深对水合物分解动力学的理解,促进水合物的开发和利用。

Natural gas hydrate is a kind of clean energy with great development potential but is still not commercially developed due to the bottlenecks such as exploitation technology,economical efficiency,and environmental effects.In recent years,people have explored the application of hydrate technology in the field of CO 2 capture,seawater desalination,energy storage,gas separation,etc.One of the most challenging and critical problems is how the hydrates are formed and decomposed at any time.This paper summarizes the fundamental research on hydrate decomposition dynamics,including hydrate decomposition properties,influencing factors,and dissociation mechanisms.Moreover,the paper reviews the development of hydrate dissociation dynamics models.The existing models are divided into four categories according to dissociation mechanisms:Thermal dissociation models,intrinsic dynamics models,mass transfer dissociation models and integrated models,and their assumptions,main understanding and limitations are highlighted.Future directions for improving hydrate dissociation dynamics research are foreseen to deepen the understanding of hydrate dissociation dynamics and promote the development and utilization of hydrates.