机遇与挑战:特殊教育学校卫生学建设路径分析

Opportunities and Challenges:Analysis of the Construction Path of School Hygiene for Exceptional Children

近年来,随着国民卫生意识的不断提高与相关学校卫生政策的出台,特殊教育学校的卫生服务获得了合法性与平等性,也使研究特殊教育学校卫生学学科卫生保健理论与实践迎来了机遇。根据时代要求,其历史任务包含特殊儿童的生长发育规律及疾病预防、心理卫生、膳食营养、作息制度、教与学,以及特殊教育学校的安全教育与危机管理能力、校园环境与教学设施设备卫生、健康教育教法等八个方面。其建设路径为加快学科专业建设,组建健康教育学院,实现教学与研究资源的整合,破解多学科交叉融合的难题;加快相关政策修订,打破新老政策的壁垒,实现理论与实践的政策保障;加强理论对现实的解释力与指导力,提高特殊教育学校卫生工作的针对性。

In recent years,the continuous improvement of national health awareness and the practice of relevant school hygiene policies has provided a policy basis for school hygiene work of special education schools and for exceptional children to obtain the same health services as normal children,as well as a historical opportunity for the discipline construction of School Hygiene for Exceptional Children.According to the requirements of the times,the historical task of researching school hygiene for exceptional children includes the growth and development laws of exceptional children and pathological mechanism,mental health,diet and nutrition,work and rest rules,teaching and learning,safety education and crisis management,campus environment and facilities and equipment,health education teaching methods and so on.It is facing the challenges of multidisciplinary integration,great difficulty in theoretical research and depersonalization of practical application fields,and questioned rationality.The construction path is to speed up the work of specialty construction,set up health education institute,integrate teaching and researching resources to enrich theoretical achievements,accelerate policy revision,strengthen the guidance of theory and to give to targeted assistance.