拖拉机用液压软管常见故障及预防措施

Common Faults and Preventive Measures of Hydraulic Hose for Tractor

【目的】软管在拖拉机液压系统中有着广泛的应用,但液压软管相关故障在拖拉机液压系统故障中比例较高。为此,对液压软管的故障形态进行分析并制定相关预防措施,以此提高拖拉机用户的使用体验十分有必要。【方法】研究小组对拖拉机液压系统中软管常见的故障形态进行了分类,根据软管的不同故障形态指出了软管从设计到制造和装配过程中存在的相关问题,并结合设计和装配两个方面确定降低和预防液压软管故障的方法。【结果】(1)造成软管接头松动的原因主要是扣压和装配问题,其中装配问题占据了主要原因。(2)液压软管设计时应尽量选用1SN和2SN型软管并采用不剥胶扣压工艺,可在一定程度上降低软管的故障率。(3)软管在装配过程中除了需要按照设计要求的走向和固定进行装配外,还应尽量避免因装配造成管路受到内应力影响。

[Objective]Hoses are widely used in tractor hydraulic systems,but hydraulic hose related failures account for a high proportion of tractor hydraulic system failures.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the failure forms of hydraulic hoses and develop relevant preventive measures to improve the user experience of tractors.[Method]The research team classified the common failure modes of hoses in the tractor hydraulic system,pointed out the relevant problems in the process of hose design,manufacturing,and assembly based on the different failure modes of hoses,and determined methods to reduce and prevent hydraulic hose failures from both design and assembly aspects.[Result](1)The main reasons for the looseness of hose joints are clamping and assembly problems,with assembly problems being the main cause.(2)When designing hydraulic hoses,it is recommended to choose 1SN and 2SN type hoses as much as possible and use a non stripping and pressing process to reduce the failure rate of the hoses to a certain extent.(3)During the assembly process of hoses,in addition to following the design requirements for direction and fixation,it is also necessary to try to avoid the impact of internal stress on the pipeline caused by assembly.