基于侧面柱碰撞试验的侧气囊开发方案探讨

Exploring the Initial Scheme for Side Airbag Development Based on Side Pole Impact Tests

为使开发的侧气囊在侧面柱碰撞事故中能更好地保护乘员,将28次侧面柱碰撞试验结果按照试验中假人抬臂和未抬臂进行分类。通过对两种工况下肩部力、肩部肋骨变形量、胸部肋骨变形量和腹部肋骨变形量的分布情况进行分析,探讨了不同工况下侧气囊的保护作用。试验中,胳臂抬起时胸部伤害普遍较小,但肩部力Fy超限值风险达到35.3%;胳臂未抬起,当肩部力Fy处在2.1~2.4 kN之间、Fz处在-0.2~0.4 kN之间时,胸部评价也会是满分。结果表明,半臂结构试验中易抬起,对胸部保护好,但对肩部伤害严重,且半臂运动过程拟人特性有待商榷。侧气囊开发应以在不抬臂的情况下能覆盖乘员肩部为开发方案。

To enhance the protection of passengers during side impact accidents,the effectiveness of the side airbag was examined.The results of 28 side pole impact tests were classified based on the presence or absence of arm uplifts of the dummy during the collision.The paper investigated the distribution of shoulder force,shoulder rib displacement,thorax rib displacement and abdomen rib displacement under the two categories.The results show that the thorax injuries tend to be significantly reduced with arm uplifts during impact;however,the shoulder risk Fy exceeds the limit value by 35.3%.The thorax evaluation reaches a perfect score when Fy falls within the range of 2.1~2.4 kN and Fz lies in the range of-0.2~0.4 kN,in the absence of arm uplifts.It is concluded that arm uplifts tend to occur frequently in half-arm structure tests,which is beneficial for thorax protection.However the shoulder sustains sever damage and the similarity of the dummy's arm movement to that of a human remains a point of discussion.In the initial design phase for side airbag development,the airbag should be designed to cover the occupant's shoulder when there are no arm uplifts.