合江真龙柚品质分析及采后常温贮藏品质变化

Quality Analysis and Quality Changes of Post-harvest Storage at Room Temperature of Hejiang Zhenlong Pomelo

为了研究合江真龙柚果实品质及室温贮藏过程品质变化规律,明确合江真龙柚品质特点和室温贮藏过程中最佳适口期。以真龙柚为试验材料,对合江县先市镇、真龙镇和白米镇的真龙柚进行品质检验,并在室温贮藏条件下每7d测定柚果的可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、固酸比、全果重量和果肉水分含量的动态变化。结果表明,3个镇柚果成熟期品质指标无显著性差异,其均值为单果重1457.2 g,果形指数1.01,可食率42.4%,果汁率15.6%,可溶性固形物10.8%,总糖9.6 g/hg,可滴定酸1.2%,固酸比9.3,粗纤维0.95%。随着贮藏时间的延长,真龙柚的可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量总体呈先下降再上升的趋势,固酸比呈先上升后下降的趋势;果肉水分含量呈下降趋势,且在前10天内下降速度较快。合江真龙柚可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量较高,固酸比适中,品质上等,耐贮运;从真龙柚采后室温贮藏过程中固酸比的变化得出,采后10 d左右风味更佳,但室温存放不宜超过2个月。

To study the fruit quality of Hejiang Zhenlong pomelo and the quality changes during room temperature storage,to clarify the quality characteristics and the best palatability period during room temperature storage,using Hejiang Zhenlong pomelo as the test material,the quality inspection of Zhenlong pomelo in Xianshi Town,Zhenlong Town,and Baimi Town in Hejiang County was carried out,and the soluble solids,the titratable acid content,the dynamic change of solid-acid ratio and moisture content of pomelo fruit were measured every seven days under room temperature storage conditions.There was no significant difference in the quality indexes of the three towns'pomelo during the ripening stage.The average values are single fruit weight 1457.2 g,fruit shape index 1.01,edible rate 42.4%,juice rate 15.6%,soluble solids 10.8%,total sugar 9.6 g/hg,titratable acid 1.2%,solid acid ratio 9.3,crude fiber 0.95%.With the storage time prolongation,the content of soluble solids and titratable acid in Zhenlong pomelo generally decreased first and then increased,and the solid acid ratio increased first and then decreased.The moisture content of pulp showed a downward trend,and the decline rate was faster in the first ten days.Compared with the reported crystal honey pomelo,Guanxi pomelo,grapefruit,and Hongyuxiang pomelo,Hejiang Zhenlong pomelo has higher soluble solids and titratable acid content,moderate solid-acid ratio,high quality,and high resistance to storage and transportation.From the change of the solid-acid ratio during the post-harvest storage of Zhenlong pomelo at room temperature,it is concluded that the flavor is better about ten days after harvest,but the room temperature storage should not exceed two months.