万宁市景观格局对生境质量的影响

Impact of Landscape Pattern on Habitat Quality in Wanning City

科学衡量景观格局与生境质量之间的关系对于生态保护和景观管理具有重要意义。采用InVEST模型对生境质量进行了评估,然后创建渔网并提取网格样本内的平均生境质量指数及各景观格局指数,最后使用普通最小二乘法(OLS)和地理加权回归(GWR)探讨了景观格局对生境质量的影响。结果表明:(1)生境质量的分布格局具有显著的空间差异,整体表现为“西高东低”;生境质量等级为Ⅲ级(48.69%)>Ⅱ级(18.52%)>Ⅴ级(17.88%)>Ⅰ级(9.56%)>Ⅳ级(5.35%)。(2)整体上斑块密度(PD)、平均周长面积比(PARA_MN)、散布与并列指数(IJI)以及香浓多样性指数(SHDI)等4个景观格局指数与生境质量间存在显著的负相关关系。(3)GWR拟合效果明显优于OLS,能够更好解释4个景观格局指数空间异质性影响,并且显著减少模型残差的空间自相关性。(4)各景观格局指数在空间上对生境质量的影响方向和强度的差异较大。

The scientific measurement of the relationship between landscape patterns and habitat quality is vital for ecological conservation and landscape management.In this study,the InVEST model was first used to assess habitat quality,and a fishing grid was created to extract the mean habitat quality index and each landscape pattern index within the grid sample;finally,the influence of landscape pattern on habitat quality was investigated using ordinary least squares(OLS)and geographically weighted regression(GWR).The results show that:(1)The distribution pattern of habitat quality has significant spatial differences,with the overall pattern being“high in the west and low in the east”;habitat quality classes were:Class III(48.69%)Class II(18.52%)Class V(17.88%)Class I(9.56%)Class IV(5.35%).(2)Overall,there were significant negative correlations between four landscape pattern indices,namely patch density(PD),mean perimeter area ratio(PARA_MN),index of dispersal and juxtaposition(IJI),and Shannon diversity index(SHDI),and habitat quality.(3)The GWR fit was significantly better than OLS,better explaining the spatial heterogeneity of the four landscape pattern indices and significantly reducing the spatial autocorrelation of the model residuals.(4)The direction and strength of the spatial influence of the landscape pattern indices on habitat quality varied significantly.