小麦粉替代玉米对藏羊羔羊肠道组织形态、消化酶活性、抗氧化能力和肉品质的影响

Effects of Wheatmeal Replacing Corn on Intestinal Tissue Morphology,Digestive Enzyme Activity,Antioxidant Capacity and Meat Quality of Tibetan Lamb

本实验旨在评估在精料补充料中用10%小麦粉替代玉米对高原型藏羊小肠形态发育、消化酶活性、抗氧化功能以及肌肉氨基酸含量的影响。选取60只体重相近且发育良好的2~3月龄高原型藏羊(♂),随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复6只羊,分别饲喂玉米日粮(玉米组)和10%小麦粉替代玉米日粮(小麦组)。实验分为预饲期10 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:玉米组空肠的绒毛宽度、黏膜厚度以及回肠的绒毛高度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度均显著小于小麦组(P<0.05);两组间空肠的胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶、脂肪酶、纤维素酶及α-淀粉酶活性差异均不显著(P>0.05);小麦组空肠的丙二醛含量显著低于玉米组(P<0.05),而其他指标差异不显著(P>0.05);两组间肌肉中鲜味氨基酸、甜味氨基酸及总氨基酸含量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。精料中用10%小麦粉替代玉米有利于藏羊小肠组织形态发育,并能够减轻空肠脂质氧化程度,但对空肠消化酶活性和肌肉氨基酸含量影响较小,可考虑在藏羊舍饲中开展推广。

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of 10%wheatmeal replacing corn in the concentrate supplement on the morphological development of small intestine,digestive enzyme activity,antioxidant function and muscle amino acid content of Plateau Tibetan sheep.Sixty healthy Tibetan sheep aged 2~3 months with similar body weight were selected(♂)and randomly divided into two groups.There were five repetitions in each group,and six sheep in each repetition,fed with corn-based diet and 10%wheatmeal-based diet,respectively.The trial period was divided into pre-feeding period of 10 days and formal trial period of 90 days.The results indicated that:the jejunal villus width,mucosal thickness,ileal villus height and cillus height/crypt depth value in the corn group were significantly lower than those in the wheat group(P<0.05),there was no significant difference between jejunal trypsins,chymotrypsins,lipases,cellulases andα-amylases of the two groups.The content of malondialdehyde in jejunum of wheat group was significantly lower than that of corn group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in other indexes(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the contents of fresh amino acids,sweet amino acids and total amino acids between the two groups(P>0.05).The use of 10%wheat flour instead of corn in the concentrate supplement was beneficial to the development of small intestine morphology of Tibetan sheep,and could reduce the degree of jejunal lipid oxidation,but had little effect on jejunal digestive enzyme activity and muscle amino acid content,so it can be considered to promote in the house feeding of Tibetan sheep.