山西黄土崩塌地质灾害时空分布特征分析

Analysis on space-time distribution characteristics of loess collapse geological hazards in Shanxi

山西位于黄河中游东部,华北平原西部,主要覆盖第四系黄土。为分析该区地质环境、降雨、冻融、人类活动等因素对山西黄土崩塌地质灾害的影响特征,本文在收集统计山西省194处崩塌资料的基础上,采用统计分析方法对崩塌的时空分布特征进行了研究。结果表明:黄土崩塌易的典型地质特征为:坡型为180°270°的向阳坡,高度在520 m之间,坡度大于60°的直线型和凸型坡面;从时间规律看,黄土崩塌主要发生在7—8月份的集中降雨期和3—4月的冻融期,说明降雨和冻融对黄土崩塌灾害发生有较大的促进作用;在人类工程扰动较多的区域黄土崩塌呈现易发、集中的状态。

Shanxi is located in the east of the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the west of the North China Plain,mainly covering the Quaternary loess.In order to analyze the impact characteristics of geological environment,rainfall,freezing and thawing,human activities and other factors on the geological disasters of loess collapse in Shanxi province,in this paper,based on the collection and statistics of 194 collapse data in Shanxi province,uses statistical analysis methods to study the space-time distribution characteristics of collapse.The results show that the typical geological characteristics of loess collapse are:the slope type is 180°270°sunny slope,the height is 520 meters,and the slope is more than 60°straight and convex slope.From the perspective of time rule,loess collapse mainly occurs in the concentrated rainfall period from July to August and the freeze-thaw period from March to April,which shows that rainfall and freeze-thaw have a greater role in promoting the occurrence of loess collapse disasters.The loess collapse is prone to occur and concentrated in the area where human engineering disturbance is more frequent.