转捩与贯通:从江小鹣早期艺术经历谈起

Transition and Connection:on Jiang Xiaojian's Early Artistic experience

近代美术史往往把江小鹣看成中国现代雕塑的奠基人,却忽视他的洋画家身份。本文通过对江小鹣艺术活动与创作实践的史料梳理,总结出20世纪20年代末江小鹣艺术生涯的重要转捩:二维平面到三维立体的转变、自然柔美向庄重浑厚的过渡、写实基础与写意传统的融合。同时,由于社会环境的影响,他承接大型雕塑项目、开办铸铜厂、组织社团、举办展览、摄影等艺术活动,还进行复制出售青铜工艺品和开办裁缝店等商业行为,是一位社交能力极强,涉足多领域的多样性人才。这不仅仅是他基于个人志趣的选择,也是学科之间的跨界,更是技与艺的贯通,巩固了他在中国近代美术史中的地位,进而对中国现代雕塑早期探索起到推波助澜的作用。

In modern art history,Jiang Xiaojian is always considered the founder of modern sculpture in China,but his experience of studying abroad is always ignored.This paper analyzes Jiang's artistic activities and creation practices and summarizes important transitions in his artistic career in the late 1920s:the change from 2D to 3D,the transition from softness to solemnity and the integration of realism and freehand traditions.At the same time,given the social environment back then,he undertook largescale sculpture projects,established a copper foundry,organized associations,held exhibitions and participated in other artistic activities like photographing.He also carried out commercial activities such as copying and selling bronze handicrafts and opening a tailor shop.With strong social skills,he was a versatile talent who entered various fields.This was not only a choice based on his personal interests and a cross-disciplinary attempt,but also a fusion of skills and art,which consolidated his status in modern art history of China and contributed to the early exploration of modern Chinese sculpture.