传统制造业企业数字化转型战略形成的机理研究——基于计划行为理论和资源基础理论的双重视角

The Forming Mechanism Research of Traditional Manufacturing Firms'Digital Transformation Strategy:Based on Theory of Planned Behavior and Resource-base Theory Views

企业管理者在企业是否开展数字化战略变革中扮演着决定因素,基于计划行为理论和资源基础理论,整合管理者行为态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制—数字化转型意愿—企业数字化转型行动于一个理论框架,根据263家传统制造业企业有效问卷调查,探索传统制造业企业数字化转型的驱动因素。研究发现,企业管理者的预期收益(行为态度)、竞争压力(主观规范)、组织敏捷性(知觉行为控制)通过数字化转型意愿的中介作用对企业数字化转型产生正向影响;设置数字官职位的企业,更能提升数字化转型意愿;冗余资源和组织学习分别正向地调节了数字化转型意愿与数字化转型之间的关系。

Digital transformation(DT)is in everyone's minds and has become a highly fashionable topic in both research and practice.Organizations of all sizes and various industries are launching large-scale transformation projects to adopt digital technologies into their processes and business models.The fourth industrial revolution,or the digital technology is changing manufacturing enterprises'strategies,supply chains,processes,products'characteristics,skills and stakeholder relationships.Digital transformation has become a new engine for high-quality development in manufacturing growth.But what is the driving factor for manufacturing enterprises to transform has not given enough attention.Based on existing researches on the business decision process and enterprise competence,this research tries to uncover the digital transformation from top managers'psychological factors and enterprise resources perspectives to explore the influencing factors on the adoption of digital technology so as to support innovation management methods.Based on the theory of planned behavior and resource-based view,this paper starts from managers'decision-making perspective and managers'psychological perspective,it stresses a core concept of"digital transformation"from behavior factors that affect enterprises business mode selection,through theoretical construction and"expected economic revenue(attitude),competitive pressure(subjective norm),organizational agility(perceived behavioral control)-digital transformation's will-digital transformation action"mode,this research explores what push enterprises to transform through questionnaires and gathered data from managers of 350 industrial firms.The questionnaires are collected from 3rd,September,2021 to 5th,December,2021,after deleting questionnaires with missing values and filling carelessly,the final sample is made up of 263 questionnaires.The major conclusions this research made are as follows:expected economic revenue(attitude),competitive pressure(subjective norm),organizational agility(perceived behavioral control)can positively affect attitudes to behavior intention.If enterprisess set related digital manager position,enterprises can have a stronger positive attitude to digital transformation behavior intention.Positive digital transformation behavior intention can lead to digital transformation behavior.Last but not least,different sorts of slack resources and organizational learning positively moderate digital transformation behavior intention and digital transformation behavior.The findings indicate that managers'aim and characteristics have a huge implication to enterprises'strategies.Managers should improve their professional abilities and keep a close eye on development trend of a certain industry.Organization resource is another important trait for enterprises to carry out strategy change,managers should prepare human capital and physical resources to support enterprises to conduct digital strategy.