足球运动对3~6岁ASD儿童心理健康影响的个案研究

Case Study of the Effects of Football on Mental Health in Children Aged 3-6 Years with ASD

为探讨足球运动对3~6岁ASD儿童心理健康的影响,该文通过文献资料法、专家访谈法、教学实验法和数理统计法对佛山市启聪学校的4名ASD儿童进行实验干预,随机分为实验组和对照组各2名,实验组进行10周的足球运动干预,对照组进行10周常规体育课。干预前后,实验组ABC量表中感觉能力和总分评分以及ATEC量表中社交、健康行为领域及总分评分均降低,具有显著性差异(P<0.05);其他领域的评分有降低,但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。而对照组2个量表各项评分均无明显变化,无显著性差异(P>0.05)。相比于常规体育课,足球运动在改善3~6岁ASD儿童感知觉、交往、运动、语言、自我照顾、健康行为等能力方面更具有积极作用,更能促进ASD儿童的心理健康水平。

To explore the effect of football on mental health of children aged 3-6 years with ASD,through the literature method,expert interview method,teaching experiment method and mathematical statistics method,this paper conducted experimental intervention on 4 children with ASD in Foshan Qicong School.They were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group,with two participants each,the experimental group was conducted 10 weeks of football intervention,and the control group was conducted 10 weeks of regular PE classes.Before and after the intervention,in the experimental group,the scores of sensory ability and total score on the ABC scale and the scores of social and healthy behavior fields and total score on the ATEC scale all decreased and were significantly different(P<0.05),and the scores of other fields decreased but were not significantly different(P>0.05),but in the control group,there was no significant change in the scores of two scales(P>0.05),and there was no significant difference(P>0.05).Compared with regular physical education courses,football has a more positive role in improving the abilities of perception,communication,sports,language,self-care and healthy behavior of children aged 3-6 years with ASD,and can also promote the mental health level of children with ASD.