中小学生均教师工资成本影响因素探究——基于《教育概览:OECD指标》的分析

Factors Influencing the Salary Cost of Teachers per Student In Primary and Secondary School and Its Revelation——Analysis Based on “Education Overview:OECD Indicators”

经济合作与发展组织(OECD)各国非常注重对中小学教师薪资水平的相关研究,很多国家制定了多项提高教师工资待遇的政策制度,积累了较为丰富的做法与经验。经济合作与发展组织认为,中小学生均教师工资成本受教师法定工资、学生学习时间、教师教学时间,以及班级规模等4个因素的综合影响。对各国中小学生均教师工资成本影响因素进行描述和分析,展示各国中小学教师薪资水平的横纵向及结构差异,并在此基础上分析我国中小学生均教师工资成本的影响因素及现实状况,对优化教育经费投入结构、提高中小学教师薪资待遇、加强教师队伍建设,具有重要的现实意义。结合我国中小学教育发展实际,建议持续加大政府教育经费投入,构建教师激励长效机制;制定科学合理的教师工资标准,完善教育督导管理体系;切实关注教师发展的实际需要,科学核定教师工作量。

OECD countries attach great importance to the research on the salary level of primary and secondary school teachers.Many countries have formulated a number of policies and systems to increase the salary of teachers,accumulating rich practice and experience.According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD),the average cost of teachers' salary for primary and secondary school students is affected by four factors:teachers' legal salary,students' learning time,teachers' teaching time and class size.This paper describes and analyzes the factors affecting the salary cost of teachers per student in primary and secondary schools in different countries,demonstrates the longitudinal and structural differences of the salary of teachers in primary and secondary schools in different countries,and based on this,analyzes the influencing factors and practical situation of the salary cost of teachers per student in primary and secondary schools in our country,in order to optimize the investment structure of education funds,improve the salary of teachers in primary and secondary schools and strengthen the construction of teachers.It has important practical significance.According to the development of primary and secondary education,it is suggested to continue to increase the investment of government education funds and establish a long-term incentive mechanism for teachers.Formulate scientific and reasonable teacher salary standards,improve the education supervision and management system;Pay attention to the actual needs of teacher development,and scientifically check the workload of teachers.