2020-2022年长春口岸出入境人员乙肝表面抗原监测结果分析

Results Analysis on Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Surveillance in Entry-exit Personnel at Changchun Port from 2020 to 2022

目的分析长春口岸出入境体检人员乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)监测情况及分布特点,为口岸疾病预防控制提供科学依据。方法采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对2020-2022年长春口岸出入境人员进行HBsAg检测,建立数据库并进行统计分析。结果2020-2022年共检测长春口岸出入境人员39587例,检出HBsAg阳性者200例,阳性率为0.51%,其中男性阳性率0.54%,女性阳性率0.45%。出境体检人数为34394例,阳性率为0.41%。入境体检人数为5193例,阳性率为1.14%,入境人员阳性率明显高于出境人员(P<0.05)。不同职业类别阳性率差异有统计学意义(出境:χ^(2)=38.33,P<0.05;入境:χ^(2)=24.13,P<0.05),出境人员中商务人员检出率高于其他职业类别,而在入境人员中涉外婚姻人员阳性率最高。出境人员中不同年龄组阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=50.09,P<0.05),31~40年龄段阳性率最高,而入境人员中不同年龄组差异无统计学意义。性别方面,出境人员中男性阳性率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.51,P<0.05),而入境人员中不同性别阳性率差异无统计学意义。结论长春口岸出入境人员HBsAg阳性水平存在职业类别、年龄、性别等方面的影响,应制定针对性的预防措施,加强对高危人群的监测,以降低疾病输入和传播风险。

Objective To analyze the monitoring data and distribution characteristics of hepatitis B surface anti-gen(HBsAg)among entry-exit physical examination personnel at Changchun Port,so as to provide scientific basis for disease prevention and control at ports.Methods The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect HBsAg of entry-exit personnel at Changchun Port from 2020 to 2022,and a database was established and chi square test was performed for statistical analysis.Results From 2020 to 2022,a total of 39587 entry-exit personnel at Changchun Port were detected,and 200 were positive,with a positive rate of 0.51%,including 0.54%for males and 0.45%for females.The number of outbound physical examinations was 34394,with a positive rate of 0.41%.The number of inbound physical examinations was 5193,with a positive rate of 1.14%.The positive rate of inbound personnel was significantly higher than that of outbound personnel(P<0.05).There was a statistically sig-nificant difference in the positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen among different occupational categories(Out-bound:χ^(2)=38.33,P<0.05;Entry:χ^(2)=24.13,P<0.05).The detection rate of business personnel among outbound per-sonnel is higher than that of other occupational categories,while among inbound personnel,foreign-related mar-riage personnel have the highest positive rate.There is a statistically significant difference in the positive rate among outbound personnel in different age groups(χ^(2)=50.09,P<0.05),and the highest positive rate was found in the 31 to 40 age group,while there was no statistically difference among inbound personnel in different age groups.In terms of gender,the positive rate of males among outbound personnel is higher than that of females,with a statisti-cally significant difference(χ^(2)=5.51,P<0.05),while there was no statistically difference in the positive rate between different sexes among inbound personnel.Conclusion The positive level of hepatitis B surface antigen of entry-exit personnel at Changchun Port is affected by occupational category,age,gender,etc.Targeted preventive mea-sures should be formulated to strengthen the monitoring of high-risk groups to reduce the risk of disease import and transmission.