青岛胶东国际机场鼠类分子鉴定及携带病原体调查

Investigation on Rodents Molecular Identification and Pathogens Carried by Rodents at Qingdao Jiaodong International Airport

目的了解青岛胶东国际机场鼠类种群及携带病原体的情况,为机场鼠类防控提供科学依据。方法在青岛胶东国际机场根据生境类型,选择施工人员宿舍区、机场草坪、停机坪、机场公司办公区等4个区域。2019年9月-2022年8月,定期采用夹夜法和鼠笼法捕获鼠类。结合形态学和以线粒体COI基因为基础的分子手段对捕获的鼠类分类鉴定。从鼠肺样本中提取核酸,利用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)方法检测鼠类携带的汉坦病毒、鼠疫杆菌、嗜吞噬细胞无形体和伯氏疏螺旋体核酸。结果2019年9月-2022年8月年共捕获鼠类67只,结合分子和形态学鉴定最终确定捕获的鼠类分别为黑线姬鼠(Apodemus agrarius)42只、小家鼠(Mus musculus)15只、褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)9只和小麝鼩(Crocidura suaveolens)1只,其构成比分别为62.69%、22.39%、13.43%和1.49%,其中优势种为黑线姬鼠。实时荧光定量PCR方法发现10只黑线姬鼠携带汉坦病毒,其他鼠类汉坦病毒、鼠疫杆菌、嗜吞噬细胞无形体、伯氏疏螺旋体核酸检测均为阴性。结论通过3年的鼠类监测,初步了解了青岛胶东国际机场鼠类种群及携带病原体的情况,为指导青岛胶东国际机场开展鼠类防控工作提供了第一手资料。

Objective To understand the rodent population and pathogen-carrying situation at Qingdao Jiaodong International Airport,and to provide a scientific basis for airport rodent prevention and control.Methods Four areas,including construction workers'dormitory area,airport lawn,apron,and airport company office area,were selected at Qingdao Jiaodong International Airport according to habitat types.Rodents were captured regularly from September 2019 to August 2022 using the clip-night method and rat cage method.This artical combines morphological and molecular means based on mitochondrial COI genes to classify and identify captured rodents.Nucleic acids were extracted from rodent lung samples and detected by realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-PCR)for hantavirus,Yersinia pestis,Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi nucleic acids carried by the rodents.Results A total of 67 rodents were captured in the years September 2019 to August 2022,and the combined molecular and morphological identifications finally identified the captured rodents as 42 Apodemus agrarius,15 Mus musculus,9 Rattus norvegicus,and 1 Crocidura suaveolens.The composition ratios were 62.69%,22.39%,13.43%and 1.49%,with the dominant species is Apodemus agrarius.The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method revealed that 10 Apodemus agrarius carried Hantavirus,while the other rodents carried negative hantavirus,Yersinia pestis,Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi nucleic acids.Conclusion Through three years of rodent monitoring,we have gained a preliminary understanding of the rodent population and pathogens carried at Qingdao Jiaodong International Airport,which provides first-hand information to guide the rodent prevention and control work at Qingdao Jiaodong International Airport.