马克思工业思想的生存论诠释及其当代意蕴

The Existential Interpretation of Marx’s Industrial Thought and Its Contemporary Implication

马克思在机器大工业的时代背景下,基于对人的处境和历史命运的关切,以实践的观点确立了历史唯物主义的解释原则。劳动、生产特别是资本主义私有制下劳动者生存实践的分析,使其对工业的本质思考具有了历史生存论和实践解释学的特质。他抓住“实践”这一基于人之生存的存在方式,在现实的生产和生活中强调了工业的生存论内涵,确证了作为对象性活动的工业在人的本质力量及整个世界历史的生成与展开中的地位和功能。马克思对工业的批判性反思在学理上澄明了当代工业实践问题的理论根基,有助于重建新时代的工业伦理,而我国新时代工业转型对实践和劳动主体科学精神与工匠精神的弘扬,既印证也彰显着马克思诉诸工业、农业和商业寻求解放的思想。

Under the background of machine industry,Marx established the interpretation principle of historical materialism from a practical point of view based on his concern for human situation and historical destiny.The analysis of labor,production,especially the survival practice of workers under capitalist private ownership makes his thinking on the essence of industry have the characteristics of historical existentialism and practical hermeneutics.Marx’s critical reflection on industry has identified the theoretical basis of contemporary industrial practice,which is more conducive to the reconstruction of industrial ethics in the new era.The promotion of scientific spirit and craftsman spirit of practice and labor subject in China’s industrial transformation in the new era not only confirms but also highlights Marx’s thought of seeking liberation by resorting to industry,agriculture and commerce.