不同播期下鲜食玉米农艺性状的差异性分析

Analysis of Differences in Agronomic Characteristics of Fresh Maize Under Different Sowing Dates

为探讨播期对鲜食玉米农艺性状的影响及筛选出综合评价较好的播期,本试验以鲜食玉米品种华泰五谷902为材料,研究早春不同播期(3月2日、3月10日、3月25日)下鲜食玉米的农艺性状及果穗特征,并筛选11个性状指标运用主成分分析法对不同播期的性状表现进行综合性评价。结果表明:鲜食玉米的株高及茎粗随播期延后而增大,地上干物质的积累也表现出随播期延后而增加的趋势;播期延后条件下,玉米的秃尖长度得到显著限制,且籽粒干重得到显著提高。对农艺性状指标进行主成分分析及综合评价可得,最晚播期(3月25日)的综合评价得分最高(0.583),表明早春的晚播有利于改善鲜食玉米的农艺性状。

In order to explore the impact of sowing date on the agronomic characteristics of fresh maize and select the sowing date with better comprehensive evaluation,this experiment used the fresh maize variety Huatai Wugu 902 as the material to study the agronomic characteristics and ear characteristics of fresh maize at different sowing dates(March 2nd,March 10th,and March 25th)in early spring,and selected 11 characters indexes to comprehensively evaluate the performance of different sowing dates by using principal component analysis.The results showed that the plant height and stem diameter of fresh maize increased with the extension of sowing date,and the accumulation of aboveground dry matter also showed an increasing trend with the extension of sowing date;under the condition of delayed sowing date,the bald tip length of maize significantly restricted,and the dry weight of grains significantly increased.Principal component analysis and the comprehensive evaluation of agronomic characteristics showed that the latest sowing date(March 25th)had the highest comprehensive evaluation score(0.583),indicating that late sowing in early spring was beneficial for improving the agronomic characteristics of fresh maize.