企业数字化对国际化深度的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Enterprise Digitalization on the Depth of Internationalization

数字化是新一轮科技革命背景下企业发展的必然趋势,也是深入推动企业国际化的重要途径。本文以2013-2019年间沪深A股上市公司为样本,实证考察企业数字化是否有助于推动其国际化,更好克服国际化进程中面临的外来者劣势。研究表明:第一,数字化能够提升企业国际化深度,在考虑内生性问题后依然成立。第二,企业数字化主要通过削弱母国与东道国间的制度距离、地理距离产生的不利影响来提升企业国际化深度。第三,企业数字化能够促进企业积极履行社会责任、获得良好的企业声誉,进而破除国际化进程中的各种制度障碍。第四,环境不确定性中的环境丰富性可正向调节企业数字化与国际化深度的关系,但是环境动态性的调节效应并不明显。第五,企业数字化对有国际化倾向、处于战略性新兴产业、国际化战略导向更高的企业的国际化具有显著的促进效应,且对国际化深度的影响效应存在异质性,表现为对国有企业、缺乏具有海外经历高管的企业以及“一带一路”沿线地区的企业影响更为明显。本研究为佐证企业国际化中的数字效应提供新的理论框架与经验证据。

Digitalization is an irreversible trend of enterprise development under the new round of scientific and technological revolution,and an important way to further promote enterprise internationalization.This paper takes Chinese A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2013 to 2019 as research samples,empirically examines whether enterprise digitalization can help promote its internationalization and better overcome the liability of foreignness in the process of internationalization.The research results show that:First,enterprise digitalization can enhance the depth of enterprise internationalization,which is still valid after handling the endogeneity issue.Second,enterprise digitalization can enhance the depth of enterprise internationalization mainly by weakening the adverse effects of institutional distance and geographical distance between home and host countries.Third,enterprise digitalization can promote enterprise to actively fulfill corporate social responsibilities,so as to gain good corporate reputation and further remove various institutional barriers in the process of internationalization.Fourth,the environmental richness in environmental uncertainty positively affects the positive relationship between enterprise digitalization and the depth of enterprise internationalization,but the effect of environmental dynamics is not obvious.Fifth,enterprise digitalization has a significant promoting effect on the tendency of enterprise internationalization.And the depth of enterprise internationalization in strategic emerging industries,with higher internationalization strategic orientation,and the effect of enterprise digitalization on the depth of enterprise internationalization is heterogeneous.These effects are more pronounced for state-owned enterprises,enterprises lacking executives with overseas experience,and enterprises in countries and regions along“the Belt and Road”.This study provides a new theoretical framework and empirical evidence to corroborate the digital effect in enterprise internationalization.