长春市南湖公园5种常绿针叶树种滞留大气颗粒物能力研究

Study on Atmospheric Particulate Matter Retention Capacity of Five Evergreen Coniferous Trees in Nanhu Park,Changchun

以长春市南湖公园5种针叶乔木树种为研究对象,探讨了植物叶片结构特征和叶表面微观形态特征与叶片滞留大气颗粒物能力的关系。结果表明:5种常绿针叶乔木树种叶表面滞留大气颗粒物的能力存在显著差异,各树种单位叶面积滞留大气颗粒物量由高到低依次为沙冷杉(Abies holophylla)、红皮云杉(Picea koraiensis)、樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongholica)、红松(Pinus koraiensis)、黑皮油松(Pinus tabuliformis var.mukdensis)。植物叶表面的滞留大气颗粒物能力与植物种类及其微观形态结构之间具有一定的相关关系,凸起、沟槽、气孔及各种纹理等微细结构增加了叶表面的粗糙程度,提高了植物的滞留颗粒物能力。叶片表面的气孔数量、气孔直径、沟壑宽度、沟壑数量皆与其滞留大气颗粒物量有显著相关性。

In this study,five evergreen coniferous species of Nanhu Park in Changchun were selected as the research objects to explore the relationship between leaf structure characteristics,leaf surface morphology characteristics and the ability of leaves to retain atmospheric particulate matter.The results showed that there were significant differences in the capacity of atmospheric particulate matter retention on leaf surface of five coniferous tree species,and the order of atmospheric particulate matter retention per leaf surface of each species was as follows:Abies Holophylla,Picea koraiensis,Pinus syvestris var.mongholica,Pinus koraiensis,Pinus tabuliformis var.mukdensis.The ability of atmospheric particulate matter retention on plant leaf surface was correlated with plant species and their microstructure.The microstructures such as bulges,grooves,stomata and various textures increase the roughness of leaf surface and improve the dust retention ability of plants.The number of stomata,stomata diameter,gully width,gully number on leaf surface were significantly correlated with dust retention.