小学儿童安全应急能力:发展现状、趋势和路径——基于对19693名3~6年级学生的调查

The Developmental Characteristics,Tendency and Pathways of Primary School Children's Emergency Response Capability

对河北、贵州和云南三地共19693名城乡3~6年级小学儿童的安全应急能力进行调查,发现学生对不同领域安全应急知识的掌握水平存在一定差异;学生不同领域安全应急能力的发展趋势不同,5至6年级是迅速提升的一个阶段;女生的安全应急能力略高于男生;西部地区学生的安全应急能力明显低于东部地区;九年一贯制学校学生的安全应急能力明显高于完全小学和教学点学生;父母受教育水平过低会对学生安全应急能力的发展产生负面影响。学校安全应急教育应坚持系列化、常态化和长效化,建构科学的小学安全应急课程体系,构建“家校社三位一体”的小学安全应急教育体系,逐步缩小东西部学生安全应急能力发展差距。

This study investigated the emergency response capability of 19,693 grades 3 to 6 primary school children n Hebei,Guizhou and Yunnan.It found that there were certain differences in students'emergency response knowledge in different fields.The developmental tendency of students'emergency response capability in different areas are dissimilar.Girls'emergency response capacity is slightly higher than boys’.The emergency response capacity of students in western region is lower than that in eastern region.The emergency response capability of students in nine-year education schools is higher than that of students in full primary schools and teaching sites.Parents'lower-level education may negatively affect the development of children's emergency response capability.Building the serialization,normalization and long-term effectiveness education,a scientific curriculum,a home-school-community trinity system and narrowing the gap of students'capacity in east and west are key points of emergency response education in primary school.