上海长征社区慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者对肺康复治疗认知及影响因素分析

Analysis of cognition and influencing factors of pulmonary rehabilitation treatment in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in Changzheng Community of Shanghai

目的:通过了解长征镇社区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)患者对肺康复治疗认知情况,分析影响肺康复治疗相关因素。方法:2019年12月31日至2020年12月31日,采用分层随机抽样法抽取在上海普陀区长征镇社区卫生服务中心门诊就诊的慢阻肺患者284例,其中男性186例(65.4%),女性98例(34.6%),平均年龄为(69.78±8.59)岁。采用自行设计的问卷对入选患者进行调查,问卷内容包括患者的基本情况、肺康复治疗的知晓情况及知晓途径、肺康复治疗内容的认知、肺康复治疗场所的认知、肺康复治疗疗效的认知。结果:在284例慢阻肺患者中,29.2%(83/284)知晓肺康复治疗,知晓运动训练、呼吸训练、健康教育、心理干预、戒烟分别为49.3%(41/83)、67.4%(56/83)、34.9%(29/83)、16.8%(14/83)、39.7%(33/83)。62.0%(176/284)的患者不知道肺康复治疗疗效,15.4%(44/284)的患者认为肺康复治疗没有帮助,仅13.4%(57/284)的患者表示肺康复治疗有效。多因素Logistic回归分析发现文化程度、个人收入、是否参与“1+1+1”签约、就诊时医务人员是否推荐肺康复是影响患者肺康复认知的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论:社区慢阻肺患者对肺康复治疗认知情况低,文化程度、经济收入、医务人员是否推荐肺康复治疗以及是否参与“1+1+1”签约是主要影响因素。

Objective:By understanding the cognition of pulmonary rehabilitation treatment in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in Changzheng Community,to analyze the relevant factors affecting pulmonary rehabilitation treatment.Methods:From December 31,2019,to December 31,2020,using stratified random sampling 284 cases of COPD were extracted from the Outpatient Clinic of Changzheng Community Health Service Center of Putuo District,Shanghai,among them,there were 186 male cases(65.4%),and 98 female cases(34.6%),and the average age was(69.78±8.59)years.The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the selected patients,and questionnaire contents included the basic condition of the patients,pulmonary rehabilitation awareness and the way,and cognitions of pulmonary rehabilitation contents,places,and efficacy.Results:Among 284 COPD patients,29.2%(83/284)knew pulmonary rehabilitation treatment,and 49.3%(41/83),67.4%(56/83),34.9%(29/83),16.8%(14/83)and 39.7%(33/83)knew sports training,respiratory training,health education,psychological intervention and smoking cessation,respectively.62.0%of the patients(176/284)did not know the efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation treatment,15.4%of the patients(44/284)thought that pulmonary rehabilitation treatment was not helpful,and only 13.4%of patients(57/284)considered that pulmonary rehabilitation treatment was effective.Multi-factor logistic regression analysis found that the educational level,individual income,whether they participated in the“1+1+1”contract,and whether the medical staff recommended pulmonary rehabilitation when they visited a doctor were the influence factors(P<0.05).Conclusion:Community COPD patients have a low cognition of pulmonary rehabilitation treatment,their education level,economic income,whether medical staff recommend pulmonary rehabilitation treatment and whether they participate in the“1+1+1”contract are the main influencing factors.