基于Orem自理理论的分阶段护理在COPD患者中的应用效果

Application effect of staged nursing based on Orem self-care theory in COPD patients

目的探究基于Orem自理理论的分阶段护理在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者中的应用效果。方法选择2017年5月至2020年5月在本院接受治疗的90例COPD患者为研究对象,根据护理方式不同将其分为对照组和观察组,各45例。对照组应用常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上增加基于Orem自理理论的分阶段护理干预。比较两组的护理效果。结果干预后,观察组的肺总量(TLC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))、用力肺活量(FVC)、血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))及多维疲劳量表(MFI)、自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)评分优于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试(CAT)各维度评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于Orem自理理论的分阶段护理可改善COPD患者的肺功能及血气指标,降低疲劳程度,提高自护能力,值得推广。

Objective To explore the application effect of staged nursing based on Orem self-care theory in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods A total of 90 patients with COPD who were treated in our hospital from May 2017 to May 2020 were selected as the research objects and divided into control group and observation group according to different nursing methods,with 45 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing intervention,and the observation group added staged nursing intervention based on Orem self-care theory on the basis of the control group.The nursing effects of the two groups were compared.Results After intervention,the total lung capacity(TLC),forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV_(1)),forced vital capacity(FVC),oxygen saturation(SpO_(2)),arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO_(2)),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2)),Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory(MFI),Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale(ESCA)scores in the observation group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of each dimension of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test(CAT)in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The staged nursing based on Orem self-care theory can improve the lung function and blood gas indexes of COPD patients,reduce the degree of fatigue,and improve the self-care ability,which is worthy of promotion.