东南亚能源贫困与中国-东南亚可再生能源合作

Energy poverty in Southeast Asia and renewable energy cooperation between China and Southeast Asia

东南亚地区各国拥有丰富的能源资源,但存在严峻的能源贫困问题,用能水平较低、用能结构较差、用能能力较弱,阻碍了该地区现代化发展进程。东盟从地区和国家两个层面提出了可再生能源发展目标,提出了《东盟能源合作行动计划(2016-2025)》,各国都提出了明确的国家发展目标,努力扩大可再生能源开发规模。但由于东盟缺乏对成员国的引导和统筹,各成员国对能源安全威胁存在不同解读,各国能源发展战略差异化较大,再加上东盟“软机制”对成员国集体行动的约束力不高,可再生能源目标在执行过程中往往大打折扣。中国是东南亚国际能源合作的重要参与者。在应对全球气候变化和促进经济绿色复苏背景下,东南亚可再生能源具有较大开发潜力,中国可再生能源开发经验丰富,中国与东南亚国家可再生能源合作面临难得的历史机遇。

Countries in Southeast Asia are rich in energy resources,but exist such serious problems energy poverty as low level of energy utilization,poor energy use structure,and weak energy use capacity,which hinders the modernization and development process of the region.ASEAN has put forward renewable energy development goals at both regional and national levels and proposed the ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation(APAEC)2016-2025.Each country put forward clear national development goals and made efforts to expand the scale of renewable energy development.Due to the lack of guidance and coordination among ASEAN member countries,there are the different interpretations of energy security threats among member countries and the large differences in national energy development strategies.The ASEAN's“soft mechanism”for collective action of member countries is not very binding resulted in that renewable energy goals in the implementation process is often greatly reduced.China is an important participant in international energy cooperation in Southeast Asia.In the context of addressing global climate change and promoting green economic recovery,renewable energy in Southeast Asia has a great development potential and China has rich experience in renewable energy development.China and Southeast Asian countries face a rare historical opportunity for renewable energy cooperation.