摘要
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS)是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)引起的烈性、高度接触性传染病,主要引起母猪繁殖障碍和仔猪呼吸道症状。疫苗免疫是防控PRRS的主要手段,但由于PRRSV毒株高度变异性导致疫苗对该病的效果仍不理想。中药(traditional Chinese medicine,TCM)活性成分众多,生理活性多样,包括抗菌、抗病毒和抗氧化等作用,是抗病毒药物的研究热点。研究证明,中药能以单体或复方的方式对PRRSV产生抑制增殖、阻断吸附和杀灭病毒的作用,以及对机体免疫反应产生影响。关于中药抗PRRSV的机制包括直接抗病毒机制和间接抗病毒机制。直接抗病毒机制即中药有效成分对病毒复制周期的直接影响,主要表现为抑制病毒的吸附、内化、复制、大分子组装和释放中的一环,从而达到抑制病毒的作用。间接抗病毒机制即中药有效成分通过调节细胞因子合成、炎症信号通路、细胞凋亡、氧化代谢和免疫系统等途径来抑制病毒对宿主细胞的负面影响,保证机体免疫反应产生的同时减少机体的损伤。由于中药成分复杂,且抗PRRSV机制尚不明确,因此,笔者以抗病毒作用机制为依据对近年来中药抗PRRSV的研究进行综述,以期为中药防控PRRSV提供理论依据。
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS)is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)that primarily causes reproductive disorders in sows and respiratory symptoms in piglets.Vaccination is the primary methods for preventing and controlling PRRSV,however,because of the high variability of the PRRSV strain,the vaccine’s effect on the disease is still suboptimal.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)contains several active components and physiological activities,such as antibacterial,antiviral,and antioxidant actions,which become a hot topic in anti-virus medicine research.Studies have proved that TCM can inhibit the proliferation,block the adsorption and kill the PRRSV in the way of monomer or compound,as well as affect the immune response of the body.TCM anti-PRRSV method comprises both direct and indirect antiviral actions.The direct antiviral mechanism is the direct action of the active components of TCM on the virus’s replication cycle,which is mostly manifested as preventing the virus’s adsorption,internalization,replication,assembly,and release in order to inhibit the virus.The active components of TCM inhibit the negative effects of viruses on host cells by regulating cytokine synthesis,inflammatory signaling pathways,cell apoptosis,oxidative metabolism,and the immune system,ensuring the generation of immune response and reducing body damage.Due to the complex composition of TCM and the unclear anti-PRRSV mechanism,the recent studies on anti-PRRSV of TCM were reviewed based on the antiviral mechanism,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of PRRSV with TCM.
作者
陈天宝
王娅妮
刘宝玲
王刚
王晓虎
柳旭辉
蔡汝健
贺东生
CHEN Tianbao;WANG Yani;LIU Baoling;WANG Gang;WANG Xiaohu;LIU Xuhui;CAI Rujian;HE Dongsheng(Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province,Institute of Animal Health,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province,College of Veterinary Medicine,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Yunfu Lizhi Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Yunfu 527526,China)
出处
《中国畜牧兽医》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期2114-2129,共16页
China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
广州市农村科技特派员项目(20212100015)
广东省科技计划项目(2021B1212050021)。
关键词
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)
疫苗
中药(TCM)
抗病毒作用
机制
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)
vaccine
traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)
antiviral effect
mechanism