对西北地区旱作农业高质量发展的思考

High-quality developmental methods for drylandfarming in Northwest China

我国西北地区水资源严重短缺,多以旱作农业为主,其土地资源和光热资源优势为该区农业发展提供了巨大的地理空间和环境容量。基于实地调研结果,认为西北旱作农业综合生产能力已得到明显改善,实现了区域食物供需平衡,在确保我国食物安全中具有举足轻重的地位。由于区域资源禀赋所限,西北地区旱作农业发展尚存在一些障碍要素亟待克服,结合新时代国家发展战略需求,有针对性地提出了未来提升西北地区食物安全保障能力的四条建议,以期对西北旱区农业自然资源的综合开发、旱区生态保护与高质量发展提供决策参考。

There is a serious shortage of water resources in Northwest China,and most areas are typical dryland agricultural system.Abundant land and sunshine-heat resources in this region provide a huge geographical space and environmental capacity for the development of dryland agriculture.Many field research investigations in this study indicated that the grain production capacity of dryland agriculture has significantly improved in Northwest China,achieving a balance between regional food supply and human demand for food and playing a crucial role in ensuring food security in China.However,due to the limited resources in the region,there are still some obstacles to be solved urgently in the development of dryland agriculture.To meet the needs of the national development strategy in the new areas,four recommendations are proposed for the future enhancement of the food security capacity in the northwest of China,which can provide decision-making references for the exploitation of agricultural natural resources,ecological protection,and high-quality development in dryland area of Northwest China.