摘要
公路交通是城市居民出行的常用方式,湿热地区的气候特点使得公交候车亭的热环境问题极为突出。本文以广州地区典型候车亭为研究对象,在夏季开展了不同喷雾方式的室外实验,明确了湿热地区候车亭喷雾的降温效果,拟合了降温效果与湿球温度差、喷雾压力之间的函数公式,并利用不同室外热舒适指标评价了候车亭喷雾对人体热舒适的改善效果。结果表明,不同喷雾方式的降温效果存在差异,其排序为空地侧喷>候车亭侧喷>候车亭顶喷>空地顶喷,降温范围为1.0~4.4℃;喷雾期间候车亭侧喷可使降温效果空间分布最均匀,站姿和坐姿的候车乘客在头部、腹部位置的温降几乎相等(2℃左右);喷雾稳定段降温效果的主要影响因素是湿球温度差值和喷嘴压力,并且两者的相对影响随喷雾方式而变化;从降温效果角度出发,适合湿热地区公交候车亭的喷雾降温方式为候车亭内顶喷;当采取的热舒适评价指标不同时,不同喷雾方式产生的热舒适改善效果排序会存在细微差异。
Public road transportation is a common way for urban residents to travel,and the thermal environment of the bus stop is particularly important due to the climate characteristics of hot-humid regions.This paper took the typical bus stops in Guangzhou as the research objects,and conducted experiments with different spraying methods in summer.It identified the cooling effects of the spray system in bus stops,and fitted functional expressions between the cooling effect,wet-bulb depression,and nozzle pressure.The improvement effect of the spray system in bus stops on human thermal comfort was evaluated by different outdoor thermal comfort indexes.The results show that the cooling effects of different spraying modes are different,with the effect ranking in descending order of side spray in open space>side spray in bus stop>top spray in bus stop>top spray in open space,and a temperature drop ranging from 1.0℃ to 4.4℃.During the spraying period,the mode of side spray in bus stop can make the cooling effect the most uniform spatial distribution,and the temperature drops on the head and abdomen of the waiting passengers are almost equal(approximately 2 C).The main factors affecting the cooling effect of the spray stability section are wet-bulb depression and nozzle pressure,and the relative influence varies with the spray mode.From the perspective of the cooling effect,the spray cooling mode suitable for bus stops in hot and humid regions is the top spray in the bus stop.With different thermal comfort evaluation indexes,there will be slight differences in the ranking of thermal comfort improvement effects of different spraying modes.
作者
黎珊
李琼
毛会军
孟庆林
LI Shan;LI Qiong;MAO Huijun;MENG Qinglin(State Key Lab of Subtropical Building Science South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)
出处
《建筑科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期63-69,80,共8页
Building Science
基金
国家重点研发计划““一带一路”共建国家绿色建筑健康舒适关键技术研发与应用”(2020YFE0200300)
国家重点研发计划“养老助残友好智慧健康宜居环境体系构建与应用示范”(2021YFC2009400)
国家自然科学基金项目“湿热地区硬化路面淋水对城市街区热环境的调控机理研究”(51778237)
国家自然科学基金项目“湿热地区海岛微气候调节与设计基础研究”(52178076)
广州市科技计划项目“基于热环境与地域特色评价的广州市公交候车亭优化设计研究”(2020020030261)。
