基于效益评价的寒冷地区农宅附加阳光间优化研究

Study on the Optimization of Additional Sunspace of Rural Residences in Cold Regions Based on Benefit Evaluation

附加阳光间作为寒冷地区农房的有效节能手段在政府、专家学者、农户3个层面都受到了广泛认可,基于经济因素对农房建设起到的重要影响作用,附加阳光间在寒冷地区特别是经济欠发达地区农村的广泛推广还处于起步阶段,本文综合考虑节能效益、经济效益、环境效益,通过对选用不同立面及顶面材料附加阳光间的农宅进行室内热环境实测及Design Builder软件模拟对农宅附加阳光间进行优化研究,结果表明:附加阳光间设计参数建议值为1.2~1.5 m进深、窗墙比为100%、透明围护结构材料为双层结构、屋顶倾角在不影响层高的情况下取最大值。在室内设计温度为18℃时建有优化后附加阳光间的典型农宅采暖能耗可降低17.9%。透明围护结构为10 mm中空PC板阳光间经济性最好,其静态回收期为8.8年。使用寿命内增设优化后附加阳光间的典型农宅每户可减少排放二氧化碳3.5 t、二氧化硫176.2 g、氮氧化物1 057.2 g、粉尘422.9 g。

As an effective energy-saving method for rural residences in cold regions,additional sunspace has been widely recognized by the government,experts and scholars,and farmers.As economic factors have a major impact on the construction of rural residences,the extensive promotion of additional sunspace in cold regions,especially in economically underdeveloped rural areas,is still in its infancy.This paper took energy-saving benefits,economic benefits,and environmental benefits into comprehensive consideration,and conducted indoor thermal environment measurement and Design Builder software simulation for the selected rural residences with additional sunspace of different facades and top surface materials.The results show that:the recommended value of additional sunspace design parameters is 1.2~1.5 m depth,with a window-wall ratio of 100%,and transparent envelope material of double-layer structure,and the roof angle should be the maximum without affecting the height of the roof.When the indoor design temperature is 18 C,the heating energy consumption of the rural residence with optimized additional sunspace can be reduced by 17.9%.The transparent envelope structure of 10 mm hollow PC board sunspace has the best economy,with a static payback period of 8.8 years.For rural residences within the service life,the optimized additional sunspace can reduce the emission of carbon dioxide by 3.5t,sulfur dioxide by 176.2 g,nitrogen oxide by 1057.2 g,and dust by 422.9 g per household.