城市中心区高耸建筑群影响下的高层板式住宅不等高布局与风环境相关性研究——以上海陆家嘴东昌路居住区地块为例

Study on the Correlation Between Unequal Height Layout of High-rise Slab Houses and Wind Environment Under the Influence of Towering Building Clusters in City Center——A Case Study of Dongchang Road Residential Site in Lujiazui,Shanghai

城市中心区高密度高层化发展背景下,高耸建筑群改变了居住区风环境,导致通风效能降低。本文以上海市陆家嘴东昌路居住区地块为研究对象,以3种容积率(2.0、2.5、3.0)为开发强度指标形成30种不等高板式高层布局方案。基于计算流体力学对各布局方案进行风环境模拟,通过分析各方案舒适风速比面积占比和测点风速比数据波动情况,提出高层板式住宅高度组合模式与室外风环境的分布特征相关性。结论表明:在城市中心区高耸建筑群影响下,高层板式住宅不等高布局的组合特征与住区内部风环境及周边道路风环境之间存在明确的关联性。在总图设计中,住宅单元在地块四周分布应尽量均衡;当住宅单元高度呈“北高南低”时,东西向的住宅单元高度应尽量均衡,或在周边既有建筑高度较高一侧布置高度较低的住宅单元。该结论可从风环境视野下实现城市中心区舒适健康居住区的开发建设提供指导借鉴。

Under the background of high-density and high-rise development in urban central areas,high-rise buildings have changed the wind environment of the residential area,lowering ventilation efficiency.This paper took the residential area of Dongchang Road in Lujiazui,Shanghai,as the research object,and used three plot ratios(2.0,2.5,and 3.0)as the development intensity index to form 30 different high-rise slab layout schemes.The wind environment of each layout scheme was simulated based on computational fluid dynamics.Through the analysis of the fluctuation of the proportion of comfortable wind speed area and the wind speed ratio of measuring points,the correlation between the height combination mode of high-rise slab residence and the distribution characteristics of the outdoor wind environment was identified.The conclusion shows that under the influence of high-rise buildings in urban central areas,a clear correlation exists between the combination characteristics of unequal height layout of high-rise slab residential buildings and the wind environment in the residential area and the surrounding roads.In the general layout design,the distribution of residential units around the plot should be as balanced as possible.When the residential unit is"high in the north and low in the South",the height of the residential unit in the eastwest direction should be balanced as much as possible,or the residential unit with lower height should be arranged on the side with a higher height of the surrounding existing buildings.This can provide guidance and reference for the development and construction of comfortable and healthy residential areas in urban central areas from the perspective of the wind environment.