降雨对不同作物径流小区产流产沙的影响——以四川北部低山深丘区为例

Influence of Precipitation on Runoff and Sediment Productionof Runoff Plots with Different Crops:A Case Study of Low Deep Hilly Region in Northern Sichuan

作物种植与降水均对泥沙量和径流量有重要影响。基于四川省南部县升钟水土保持试验站的长期野外观测数据,研究径流小区尺度上2008—2016年作物种植状况、降水与产流产沙之间的关系。结果表明:在裸地小区降雨产生的径流量与泥沙量均大于有作物种植的小区,降雨量与4个小区径流量与产沙量均呈极显著相关(P<0.01),产沙量与径流量的相关性优于产沙量与降雨量。平均降雨强度与裸地小区径流量的相关性显著(P<0.05),在其他径流小区相关性不显著;平均降雨强度与谷物种植小区和裸地小区产沙量极呈显著相关(P<0.01),与蔬菜小区显著相关(P<0.05);30 min最大降雨强度与径流小区的径流量和泥沙量均呈极显著相关(P<0.01)。研究结果可为该区域水土流失防治、生态建设等提供参考。

Crop planting and precipitation both have an important impact on the production of sediment and runoff.Based on the long-term field observation data from Shengzhong Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Station inNanbu county of Sichuan province,the relationship between crop planting,precipitation,runoff and sediment production from 2008 to 2016 at the scale of runoff plots is studied.The results show that the runoff volume and sediment yield generated by rainfall in bare land plots are greater than those in plots with vegetation;the correlation between the precipitation and the runoff volume and sediment yield in the four plots is extremely significant(P<0.01);the correlation between sediment yield and runoff volume is better than that of sediment yield and precipitation;the average rainfall intensity has an exeremely significant correlation with the runoff volume of bare land plots,but insignificant correlation with that of other runoff plots;the average rainfall intensity has an exetremely significant correlation with the sediment yield of grain-growing plots and bare plots(P<0.01),and a significant correlation with the vegetable plots(P<0.05),the maximum rainfall intensity of 30 min has an extremely significant correlation with the runoff and sediment production of runoff plots(P<0.01).The research results will provide references for the prevention and control of soil erosion and ecological construction in the region.